chapter 7 Flashcards
(154 cards)
1
Q
Absorpt/o
A
To take in
2
Q
Aden/o
A
Gland
3
Q
Amyl/o
A
Starch
4
Q
Anabol/o
A
Building-up
5
Q
Append/o
A
Appendix
6
Q
Bil/i
A
Gall, bile
7
Q
Bucc/o
A
Cheek
8
Q
Catabol/o
A
Casting down
9
Q
Celi/o
A
Abdomen, belly
10
Q
Cheil/o
A
Lip
11
Q
Chol/e
A
Gall, bile
12
Q
Choledoch/o
A
Common bile duct
13
Q
Cirrh/o
A
Orange-yellow
14
Q
Col/o
A
Colon
15
Q
Colon/o
A
Colon
16
Q
Cyst/o
A
Bladder
17
Q
Dent/o
A
Tooth
18
Q
Diverticul/o
A
Diverticula
19
Q
Duoden/o
A
Duodenum
20
Q
Enter/o
A
Intestine
21
Q
Esophage/o, esophag/o
A
Esophagus
22
Q
Gastr/o
A
Stomach
23
Q
Gingiv/o
A
Gums
24
Q
Gloss/o
A
Tongue
25
Glyc/ o
Sweet, sugar
26
Halit/o
Breath
27
Hemat/o
Blood
28
Hemorrh/o
Vein liable to bleed
29
Hepat/o
Liver
30
Herni/o
Hernia
31
Ile/o
Ileum
32
Labi/o
Lip
33
Lapar/o
abdomen
34
Lingu/o
Tongue
35
Mes/o
Middle
36
Odont/o
Tooth
37
Pancreat/o
Pancreas
38
Pept/ o
To digest
39
Pharyng/e, pharyng/o
Pharynx
40
Pil/o
Hair
41
Prand/i
Meal
42
Proct/ o
Anus and rectum
43
Pylor/o
Pylorus, gatekeeper
44
Rect/o
Rectum
45
Sial/o
Saliva, salivary
46
Sigmoid/ o
Sigmoid
47
Splen/o
Spleen
48
Stomat/o
Mouth
49
Verm/i
Worm
50
Constipat
To press together
51
Eme
To vomit
52
Laxat
To loosen
53
Log
Study
54
Masticat
To chew
55
nid
Nest
56
Paralyt
To disable, paralysis
57
Volvul
To roll
58
Absorption
process by which nutrient material is transferred from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream or lymph
59
Amylase
enzyme that breaks down starch. Ptyalin is a salivary amylase and amylopsin is a pancreatic amylase
60
Anabolism
building up of body substances in the constructive phase of metabolism
61
Anorexia
lack of appetite, decreased desire for food
62
Appendectomy
Surgical excision of the appendix
63
Appendicitis
inflammation of the appendix. A point of tenderness in acute appendicitis is known as McBurney point located on the right side of the abdomen one to 2 inches above the Antero superior spine of the ileum on a line between the ileum and the umbilicus.
64
Ascites
significant accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
65
Biliary
pertaining to bile 
66
Bilirubin
Orange colored bile pigment produced by the separation of hemoglobin into parts that are excreted by the liver cells
67
Black hairy tongue
condition in which the tongue is covered like hair, like Papile entangled with rides, produced by aspergillus Niger, or candida albicans fungi or by bacteria. This unusual condition could be caused by poor oral hygiene, and or overgrowth of fungi due to antibiotic therapy.
68
Bowel
intestine; the long tube in the body, that stores, and then eliminates waste out of the body
69
Buccal
Literally means pertaining to the cheek relating to the cheek or mouth
70
Catabolism
literally means casting down; in metabolism, a breaking down of complex substances into more basic elements
71
Celiac
Pertaining to the abdomen
72
Cheilosis
Abnormal condition of the lip as seen in riboflavin another B complex deficiencies
73
Cholecystectomy
surgical excision of the gallbladder with laparoscopic cholecystectomy the gallbladder is removed there a small incision near the neighbor. Gull stones are usually present in removed gallbladder.
74
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
75
Choledochotomy
surgical incision of the common bile duct
76
Cirrhosis
chronic degenerative liver disease characterized by changes in the lobes. parenchymal cells in the lobules are infiltrated with fat
77
Coletomy
surgical excision of part of the colon
78
Colon cancer
malignancy of the colon sometimes called colorectal cancer
79
Colonoscope
thin lighted, flexible instrument that is used to view the interior of the colon during a colonoscopy
80
Colonoscopy
Visual examination of the colon via colonoscope
81
Colostomy
A surgical procedure that brings one of the large intestine out through an opening (stoma) made in the abdominal wall. Stool moving through the intestine drains through the stoma into a bag attached to the abdomen. A colostomy can be permanent or temporary. The most common types are transverse, descending, and sigmoid so named due to the site of the disorder and the location of the stoma.
82
Constipation
in frequent passage of unduly, hard and dry feces, difficult defecation
83
Crohn disease
Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, but most commonly occurs in the ileum
84
Dentalgia
pain in a tooth, toothache
85
Dentition
Type number, an arrangement of teeth in the dental arch
86
Diarrhea
frequent passage of unformed watery stool
87
Diverticulitis
Inflammation of the diverticula in the colon. Symptoms include pain, fever, chills, Grampy, bloating, constipation, and diarrhea. Treatment depends on the severity of the condition.
88
Duodenal
Pertaining to the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine
89
Dysentary
And intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane
90
Dyspepsia
difficulty indigestion, indigestion
91
Dysphagia
difficulty in swallowing 
92
emesis
Vomiting
93
Enteric
Pertaining to the small intestine
94
Enteritis
Information of the small intestine
95
Enzyme
protein substance capable of causing rapid chemical changes in other substances, without being change itself
96
Epigastric
pertaining to the region above the stomach
97
Esophageal
Pertaining to the esophagus
98
Feces
body waste, discharge from the bowel by the way the anus; also called bowel movement, stool, excreta
99
Flatus
Literally means blowing in in Latin; the expelling gas from the anus. The average person passes 400 to 1200 mL of gas each day.
100
Gastrectomy
surgical excision of a part or the whole stomach
101
Gastric
pertaining to the stomach
102
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestine
103
Gastroenterologist
Physician who specializes in the stomach and intestine
104
Gastroenterology
Study of the stomach and intestine
105
Gastroesophageal
pertaining to the stomach and esophagus
106
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
condition that occurs in the muscle between the esophagus and the stomach, the lower esophageal sphincter, is weak or relaxes inappropriately, allowing the stomach‘s contents to back up (reflux) into the esophagus, symptoms include heartburn, belching, and regurgitation of food
107
gavage
to feed liquid or semi liquid food via a tube
108
Gingivitis
inflammation of the gums
109
Glossectomy
partial or complete surgical, excision of the tongue
110
Glycogenesis
formation of glycogen from glucose
111
Halitosis
Bad breath
112
Hematemesis
Vomiting of blood
113
Hemorrhoid
mass of dilated tortuous veins in the animal rectum can be internal or external
114
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
115
Hernia
abnormal protrusion of an organ, or a part of an organ through the wall of the body cavity that normally contains it. A hiatal hernia occurs when the upper part of the stomach moves into the chest a small opening in the diaphragm. and umbilical hernia occurs when the part of the intestine protrudes or an opening in the abdominal muscles umbilical hernias are most common in infants, but they can affect adults as well. in an infant an umbilical hernia may be especially evident when the infant cries causing the babies navel to protrude an inguinal hernia occurs when a loop of intestines enters the inguinal canal a tubular passage through the lower layers of the abdominal wall.
116
Herniorrhaphy
surgical repair of a hernia
117
Hyperemesis
Excessive vomiting
118
Hypogastric
pertaining to below the stomach
119
Ileostomy
The surgical creation of a new opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum
120
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
broad term that describes conditions with chronic or recurring a normal immune response an information of the gastrointestinal track the two most common inflammatory bowel disease is ulcerative colitis (information of the large intestine/uc) and Crohn’s disease( inflammation of any portion of the digestive track/CD )
121
Intussusception
The sleeping or telescoping, one part of an intestine into another part just below it noted, chiefly in children, and occurring in the ileocecal region
122
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Disorder that affects the muscular contractions of the colon and interferes with its normal functioning, characterized by a group of symptoms, including crampy, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, diarrhea
123
Labial
pertaining to the lip
124
Laparotomy
surgical incision into the abdomen
125
Lavage
to wash out a cavity. Gastric lavage is used to remove or dilute gastric contents in cases of acute poisoning, or ingestion of caustic. Substance vomiting should not be induced a close system. Irrigation uses an ordered a mouth solution until the desired results are obtained.
126
Laxative
substance that acts to loosen the power
127
Lingual
Pertaining to the tongue
128
Malabsorption
inadequate absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract
129
Mastication
chewing the physical breaking up of food, and mixing with saliva in the mouth
130
Melena
black tarry faces that have a distinctive odor and contains digested blood. Usually results from bleeding in the upper G.I. tract can be a sign of peptic ulcer.
131
Mesentary
Pertaining to the peritoneal fold and circling the small intestine, and connecting the intestine to the posterior abdominal wall
132
Nausea
Uncomfortable feeling of the inclination to vomit
133
Pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
134
Paralytic ileus
Paralysis of the intestines that causes distention and symptoms of acute power, obstruction and inactivity
135
Peptic
pertaining to gastric digestion
136
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
disease in which an ulcer forms in the mucosal wall of the stomach, the pylorus and duodenum, or the esophagus
137
Periodontal
pertaining to the area around a tooth
138
Periodontal disease
information and degeneration of the gums and surrounding bone, which frequently causes loss of teeth
139
Peristalsis
wavelike contractions that occur, involuntarily and hollow tubes of the body, especially the alimentary canal
140
Pharyngeal
pertaining to the pharynx
141
Pilonidal cyst
Close sack in the crease of the sacrococcygeal region caused by a developmental defect that permits epithelial tissue and hair to be trapped below the skin and cause pain or swelling above the area of the anus or near the tailbone
142
Postprandial (pp)
Pertaining to after a meal
143
Probiotics
Live micro organisms that will administer an adequate amount to confirm a health benefit on the digestive system in the United States. Probiotics were available as dietary supplements and and dairy foods. The FDA has not approved any health claims for probiotics. However, there are used for a variety of gastrointestinal condition, such as infectious, diarrhea, diarrhea associated with using antibiotics, irritable syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease
144
Proctoscope
an instrument used in medical procedure to view the interior of the rectal cavity, a short straight, rigid, hollow metal tube, usually with a small light bulb mounted at the end
145
Pyloric
pertaining to the gate keeper, opening between the stomach and the duodenum
146
Rectocele
hernia of part of the rectum into the vagina
147
Sialadenitis
Inflammation of the salivary gland
148
Sigmoidoscope
an instrument used in a medical procedure to view the interior of the sigmoid colon
149
Splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
150
Stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
151
Sublingual
pertaining to below the tongue
152
Ulcerative colitis
Disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine information, usually occurs in the rectum and lower part of the colon but can affect the entire colon also called colitis or proctitis
153
Vermiform
Shaped like a worm the vermiform appendix is so named because of the worm like sheep
154
Volvulus
Twisting of the barrel on it, so that it causes an obstruction
