Chapter 11 Flashcards by jennifer.hotvedt@gmail.com Hotvedt

mouth

opening in which food passes into the body

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tongue

directs food to the pharynx for swallowing

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palate

separates navel cavity from oral cavity

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soft palate

posterior portion not supported by bone

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hard palate

anterior portion supported by bone

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uvula

soft v-shaped, directs food into the throat

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pharynx

performs swallowing action

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esophagus

10 inch tube0passageway for food

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stomach

j-shaped sac that mixes and stores food

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cardia

area around opening of esophagus

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fundus

proximal domed portion of the stomach

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body

central portion of the stomach

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antrum

distal portion of the stomach

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pylorus

portion of stomach that connects to the small intestine

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pyloric sphincter

ring of muscle that guards opening between stomach and duodenum

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small intestine

20 foot tube for digestion

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duodenum

first 10-12 inches of small intestine

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jejunum

second portion of small intestine

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ileum

third portion of small intestine

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large intestines

5 foot tube that aids in absorbtion of water

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cecum

U-shaped pouch, first portion of large intestine

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colon

main portion of large intestine

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rectum

distal portion of large intestine

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anys

sphincter muscle

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salivary glands

produce saliva

liver

produces bile, which aids in deugestion of fats

bile ducts

passageways that carry bile

gallbladder

small sac structure that stores bile

pancreas

produces juices that help digest all types of food

an/o

anus

antr/o

antrum

cec/o

cecum

col/o colon/o

colon

duoden/o

duodenum

enter/o

intestine

esophag/o

esophagus

gastr/o

stomach

ile/o

ileum

jejun/o

jejunum

or/o stomat/o

mouth

proct/o rect/o

rectum

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

abdomin/o celi/o lapar/o

abdomen

append/o appendic/o

appendix

cheil/o

lips

cholangi/o

bile duct

chol/e

gall, bile

choledoch/o

common bile duct

diverticul/o

diverticulum

gingiv/o

gums

gloss/o lingu/o

tongue

hepat/o

liver

herni/o

hernia

palat/o

palate

pancreat/o

pancreas

peritone/o

peritoneum

polyp/o

polyp small growth

pylor/o

pylorus

sial/o

saliva

steat/o

fat

uvual/o

uvula

choledocholithiasis

condition of stones in the common bile duct

hemi-

half

-pepsia

digestion

adhesion

abnormal growing together

celiac disease

malabsorbtion disease caused by immune reaction to gluten

cirrhosis

chronic disease of the liver, gradual destruction of the liver

crohn disease

chronic inflammation of internal tract affecting ileum and colon

gastroesophagal reflux disease

backward flow of stomach contents into esophagus

hemochromatosis

iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed

hemorrhoids

swollen veins in the rectum

ileus

non-mechanical obstruction of the intestine

intussusception

telescoping of a segment of the intestine

irritable bowel syndrome

disturbances of bowel function such as diarrhea and constipation

obesity

excess body fat

peptic ulcer

erosion of mucous membrane of the stomach, increased secretion of acid from the stomach

polyp

tumorlike growth extended outward from a mucous membrane

ulcerative colitis

disease-inflammation of the colon with ulcers

volvulus

twisting or kinking of the intestine

abdominoperineal resection

removal of the distal colon, rectum, and anal sphincter through abdominal and perineal approaches

anastomosis

connection created by surgically joining 2 structures

bariatric surgery

surgical reduction of stomach capacity

vagotomy

cutting of certain branches of the vagus

barium enema

series of radiographic images taken of large intestine after barium has been administered rectally

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

procedure in which contrast media is introduced into biliary and pancreatic ducts

endoscopic ultrasound

edoscope fitted with an ultrasound probe to provide images

upper GI series

radiographic images taken of pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum

fecal occult blood test

test to detect occult blood in feces

helicobacter pylori

blood test to determine the presence of H pylori bacteria

ascites

abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

dysentery

disorder involving inflammation of the intestine

emesis

expelling matter from the stomach through mouth

feces

waste from gastrointestinal tract from rectum

flatus

gas

gastric lavage

washing out of the stomach

gavage

process of feeding someone through a tube

hematemesis

vomiting blood

hematochezia

passage of bloody feces

malabsorbtion

impaired digestion

melena

black, tarry stool that contains digested blood

nausea

urge to vomit

palpate

to examine by hand

peristalsis

involuntary contractions that propel food

reflux

abnormal backward flow

stoma

surgical opening between an organ and the surface of the body

Chapter 11 Flashcards

(105 cards)