Chapter 11 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Market-skimming pricing
setting a high price for a new product to skim maximum revenues layer by layer from the segments willing to pay the high price; the company makes fewer but more profitable sales
market-penetration pricing
setting a low price for a new product in order to attract a large number of buyers and a large market share
product line pricing
setting the price steps between various products in product line based on cost differences between the products, customer evaluations of different features, and competitor’s prices
optional-product pricing
the pricing of optional or accessory products along with a main product
captive-product pricing
setting a price for products that must be used along with a main product, such as blades for a razor and film for a camera
by-product pricing
setting a price for by-products in order to make the main product’s price more competitive
product bundle pricing
combining several products and offering the bundle at a reduced price
discount
a straight reduction in price on purchases during a stated period of time
allowance
promotional money paid by manufacturers to retailers in return for an agreement to feature the manufacturer’s products in some way
segmented pricing
selling a product or service at two or more prices, where the difference in prices is not based on differences in costs
psychological pricing
a pricing approach that considers the psychology of prices and not simply the economics; the price is used to say something about the product
reference prices
prices that buyers carry in their minds and refer to when they look at a given product
promotional pricing
temporarily pricing products below the list price, and sometimes even below cost, to increase short-run sales
geographical pricing
setting prices for customers located in different parts of the country or world
FOB-origin pricing
a geographical pricing strategy in which goods are placed free on board a carrier; the customer pays the freight from the factory to the destination
uniform-delivered pricing
a geographical pricing strategy in which the company charges the same price plus freight to all customers, regardless to their location
zone pricing
a geographical pricing strategy in which the company sets up two or more zone. All customers within a zone pay the same total price; the more distant the zone, the higher the price
basing-point pricing
a geographical pricing strategy in which the seller designates some city as a basing point and charges all customers the freight cost from that city to the customer
freight-absorption pricing
a geographical pricing strategy in which the seller absorbs all or part of the freight charges in order to get the desired business
dynamic pricing
adjusting prices continually to meet the characteristics and needs of individual customers and situations
