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Flashcards in chapter 11 Deck (12)
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1
Q

describe the sentinelese tribe

A
  • Sentinelese tribe north sentinel island
    • Indochina area, India is responsible for policies regarding it
    • Have been a few attempts of contact, but ended in death
    • Dr. Pandit, anthropologist who attempted to make contact, gave them coconuts. Nothing was offered back.
2
Q

when did the discipline of economics come into being? what replaced the feudal system?

A
  • The discipline of economics came into being alongside the industrial revolution in the late 1700s
    • Capitalism replaced the feudal economic system where wealth was distributed according to social status or rank
3
Q

what does capitalism center around?

A

• Capitalism centers around a free market system; it is based on a mechanism whereby price is dependent upon supply and demand

4
Q

contrast of capitalist and non capitalist exchanges

A

• Capitalist commodity exchanges, impersonal exchanges of goods for cash where exchange partners need not have any further contact with;
Non-capitalist gift exchanges, which are deeply embedded in social relations and always require a return gift

5
Q

3 main modes of exchange (on test)

A
  • Reciprocity
    • Redistribution
    • Market exchange
    • Different modes of exchange can coexist in a given society
    • One mode of exchange serves to structure the main economy
6
Q

define reciprocity

A

• Reciprocity is the exchange of goods and services of equal value

7
Q

what is generalized reciprocity?

A

• Generalized reciprocity: when an exchange is carried out without specifying the time or value of the return

8
Q

what is balanced reciprocity?

A

• Balanced reciprocity: when a return of equal value at a specific time is expected

9
Q

what is negative reciprocity?

A

• Negative reciprocity: when at least one party attempts to get something for nothing, without penalty

10
Q

what does redistribution require?

A

requires some form of centralized social organization in order to:
• Receive economic contributions from all members of the group
• Redistribute the contributions so as to provide for every group member
• Ex: taxes

11
Q

what 3 things does market exchange involve? describe each

A
  • Trade: the exchange of goods
    • Money: a medium of exchange that assigns values to goods
    • Market: the supply-demand price mechanism for regulating exchange
12
Q

how is the anthropology of food and nutrition studied?

A
  • Historically, biological anthropologists have completed cross-cultural comparisons of nutrition and growth
    • Cultural anthropologists have in the past documented local food habits
    • The anthropology of food and nutrition now addresses how the global capitalist food market works:
    • Looks at the impact of political forces on the production, distribution, and consumption of food around the world