Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMS > chapter 11 - airway management > Flashcards

chapter 11 - airway management Flashcards

1
Q

The upper tract or the passage above the larynx, which includes the nose, mouth and throat

A

Airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A side-lying position used to maintain a clear airway in unresponsive patients who are breathing adequately and do not have suspected injuries to the spine, hips or pelvis

A

recovery position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Improper placement of an advanced airway device into the esophagus rather than into the trachea

A

esophageal intubation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

A liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs, decreases alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded

A

surfactant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Visualization of the airway with a laryngoscope

A

direct laryngoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Visualization of the vocal chords, and thereby placement of the endotracheal tube, that is facilitated by use of a video camera and monitor

A

video laryngoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The exchange of air between the lungs and the environment

A

ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thin membrane that covers the lungs

A

visceral pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during inspiration

A

retractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Technique to open the airway by placing the fingers behind the angle of the jaw and bringing the jaw forward; used for patients who may have a cervical spine injury

A

jaw-thrust maneuver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The biochemical processes that result in production of energy from nutrients within the cells

A

metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs

A

oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The space in between the vocal chords that is the narrowest portion of the adult’s airway; also called the glottic opening

A

glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A technique in which oxygen administered via a high-flow nasal cannula is left in place during an intubation attempt, allowing for continuous oxygen delivery into the airways during all phases of the procedure

A

apneic oxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern

A

ataxic respirations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The amount of air (in milliliters) that is moved into or out of the lungs during one breath

A

tidal volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A harsh, high-pitched respiratory sound, generally heard during inspiration, that is caused by partial blockage or narrowing of the upper airway

A

stridor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The volume of air that reaches the alveoli. It is determined by subtracting the amount of dead space air from the tidal volume

A

alveolar ventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

A system established for portable cylinders to ensure that a regulator is not connected to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas

A

pin-indexing system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity

A

pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The part of the pharynx that lies above the level of the roof of the mouth, or palate

A

nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A hollow, cylindrical device used to remove fluid from the patient’s airway

A

suction catheter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The two nerves that innervate the diaphragm; necessary for adequate breathing to occur

A

phrenic nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The process of providing oxygen, often in combination with ventilation, prior to intubation in order to raise the oxygen levels of body tissues; a critical step in advanced airway management

A

preoxygenation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible

A

vital capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Airway adjunct inserted into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and to facilitate suctioning the airway, if necessary

A

oropharyngeal airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

A protective item, such as a pocket mask with a valve, that limits exposure to a patient’s body fluids

A

barrier device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bypassing of oxygen-poor blood past nonfunctional alveoli to the left side of the heart

A

intrapulmonary shunting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The use of muscles of the chest, back and abdomen to assist in expanding the chest

A

labored breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

A safety system for large oxygen cylinders, designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas

A

American Standard Safety System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen; the main by-product is lactic acid

A

anaerobic metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The volume of air moved through the lungs in 1 minute minus the dead space

A

alveolar minute volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The amount of carbon dioxide present at the end of an exhaled breath

A

end-tidal CO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

A device with a one-way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag

A

bag-mask device

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Occurs when a foreign body partially obstructs the patient’s airway

A

mild airway obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

A

hemothorax

38
Q

A tubular structure that extends vertically from the back of the mouth to the esophagus and trachea

A

oropharynx

39
Q

A term used to describe the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction

A

poor air exchange

40
Q

The act of air moving into and out of the lungs during chest compressions

A

passive ventilation

41
Q

Abnormal breathing pattern characterized by slow, gasping breaths, sometimes seen in patients in cardiac arrest

A

agonal gasps

42
Q

Open, clear of obstruction

A

patent

43
Q

A complex structure formed by many independent cartilaginous structures that all work together

A

larynx

44
Q

A high-pitched, whistling breath sound that is most prominent on expiration, and which suggests an obstruction or narrowing of the lower airways

A

wheezing

45
Q

A combination mask and reservoir bag system that is the preferred way to give oxygen in the prehospital setting

A

nonrebreathing mask

46
Q

The air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration

A

residual volume

47
Q

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs

A

inhalation

48
Q

The exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries

A

external respiration

49
Q

A method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress

A

continuous positive airway pressure

50
Q

A noninvasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient’s ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism

A

capnography

51
Q

A normal reflex mechanism that causes retching

A

gag reflex

52
Q

Any portion of the airway that does contain air and cannot participate in gas exchange, such as the trachea and bronchi

A

dead space

53
Q

Large, semi-rigid suction tips recommended for suctioning the pharynx

A

tonsil tips

54
Q

A flexible device that is inserted between the glottis under direct laryngoscopy

A

gum elastic bougie

55
Q

Deficient oxygen concentration in the tissues

A

hypoxia

56
Q

An oxygen-delivery device in which oxygen flows through two small, tubelike prongs that fit into the patient’s nostrils

A

nasal cannula

57
Q

Any airway manipulation that induces the production of aerosols that may present a risk for airborne transmission of pathogens, such as CPR

A

aerosol-generating procedure

58
Q

Absence of spontaneous breathing

A

apnea

59
Q

Point at which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right main stem bronchi

A

carina

60
Q

Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs; made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli

A

bronchioles

61
Q

Insertion of an endotracheal tube directly through the larynx between the vocal chords and into the trachea to maintain and protect an airway

A

endotracheal intubation

62
Q

A ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set

A

automatic transport ventilator

63
Q

The volume of air that moves in and out of the lungs per minute

A

minute volume

64
Q

The process of replacing nitrogen in the lungs with oxygen to maintain a normal oxygen saturation level during advanced airway management

A

denitrogenation

65
Q

A body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline

A

bilateral

66
Q

Monitor the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH of the cerebrospinal fluid and then provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body’s needs at any given time

A

chemoreceptors

67
Q

Airway adjunct inserted into the nostril of an unresponsive patient or a patient with an altered level of consciousness who is unable to maintain airway patency independently

A

nasopharyngeal airway

68
Q

Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen

A

aerobic metabolism

69
Q

The exchange of gases between the blood cells and the tissues

A

internal respiration

70
Q

A cyclical pattern of abnormal breathing that increases and then decreases in rate and depth, followed by a period of apnea

A

Cheyne-Stokes respirations

71
Q

Thin white bands of tough muscular tissue that are lateral borders of the glottis and serve as the primary center for speech production

A

vocal chords

72
Q

The ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation

A

compliance

73
Q

Movement of a gas from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

A

diffusion

74
Q

Increased carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream

A

hypercarbia

75
Q

The use of a capnometer, a device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide

A

capnometry

76
Q

An opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure

A

stoma

77
Q

The term used to describe the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood

A

partial pressure

78
Q

Thin membrane that lines the chest cavity

A

parietal pleura

79
Q

In the context of the airway, the introduction of vomitus or other foreign material into the lungs

A

aspiration

80
Q

A condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the respiratory drive

A

hypoxic drive

81
Q

An assessment tool that measures oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the capillary beds

A

pulse oximetry

82
Q

Space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchitis, and esophagus

A

mediastinum

83
Q

A condition in which air fills the stomach, often as a result of high volume and pressure during arterial ventilation

A

gastric distention

84
Q

A surgical procedure to create an opening (stoma) into the trachea

A

tracheostomy

85
Q

Occurs when a foreign body completely obstructs the patient’s airway

A

severe airway obstruction

86
Q

An accumulation of air or gas in the pleural cavity that progressively increases pressure in the chest and that interferes with cardiac function, with potentially fatal results

A

tension pneumothorax

87
Q

The passive part of the breathing process in which the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles relax, forcing air out of the lungs

A

exhalation

88
Q

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

A

dyspnea

89
Q

A combination of two movements to open the airway by tilting the forehead back and lifting the chin; not used for trauma patients

A

head tilt-chin lift maneuver

90
Q

A term used to distinguish the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction

A

good air exchange

91
Q

A condition of excessive oxygen consumption resulting in cellular and tissue damage

A

oxygen toxicity

EMS (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions