Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Classics 1000 midterm 3 > chapter 11 Greek > Flashcards

chapter 11 Greek Flashcards

1
Q

How was Macedon split

A

Lower and Upper Macdeon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are characterisitics of lower Macedon

A

fertile plains
horse breeding
heart of kingdom
homeland of the royal clan of the Argeadai
Supports large agricultural population
timber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are characteristics of upper Macedon

A

rugged uplands
rich in minerals on mountains and forests
sheltered tribes who wouldn’t conform to lower Macedonian kings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What language did Macedionans speak

A

Greek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how did the Greek view Macedonians

A

as barbarians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what were most Macedonians

A

farmers or seminomadic pastoralists living in scattered villages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

kings of macedonia favored what type of burial

A

tumulus burial over cremation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what was central to nobles

A

war and hunting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what would a young man have to do before being recognized as an adult

A

a young man had to spear a boar without a net and kill an an enemy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What was the central institution

A

monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

who made all grants of land, privilege, alliances and was very powerful

A

the king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

who were autocrats

A

the king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who were the kings personal entourage that provide him with advisers and bodyguards and served as an elite calvary

A

macedonian nobles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the macedonian constitution was based on the support of who

A

aristocrats, advisors, executive agents and cavalry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

anyone from what clan could become king and how

A

anyone from the Argeadea clan
Burial of predecessor and approval by warrior assembly
Charisma and leaderhsip skills
Murder of potential rivals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how was macedonia before philip

A

they were rich on resources but very unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who did Macedonia support and during what invasion

A

Persia; Persian invasion of Greece

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Persian rule protected Macedon from what

A

from attacks by its neighbours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Macedonia was able to extend their territory where

A

into upper Macedon and easrward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Macedion grain fed who and who was their timber essential to

A

it fed many athenian allies and their timber was essential to Athens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why did the Athenians begin supporting enemies of Macedon

A

becuase they threatened Athenian interests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When philip came into power who had been killed and who killed them

A

his brother along with 4000 soldiers and most aristocracy by the Illyrians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who is Alexander II

A

philip’s brother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What happened to philip after his brother was defeated

A

he was exiled as a hostage to Thebes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

There were two pretenders to the throne and who were they supported by

A

Thrace and Athens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

After ruler Perdiccas death who did Philip make king of Macedon

A

his nephew Amyntas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what did Amyntas seize and why

A

he seized the Greek cities on the coasts of Macedon and the gold mines of Mount Pangaeus to finance his campaign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What did each member of Philips army wear

A

a metal helmet and carried a small shield and short sword

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What did the army consists of

A

archers, slingers and javelin men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

what was the principal weapon of the army

A

the sarissa: an 18ft long pike that allowed men to strike without having to get too close to the enemy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How did philip lose his eye

A

in battle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What was the new title philip gave his foot soldiers

A

foot companions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Latin word for cavalry of aristocrats

A

hetairoi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Who did Philip replenish the royal companions with

A

Greeks and non Greeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Where did the investment of all resources go towards

A

the army

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Means of expansion

A

Victory in battle
Conquest of besieged cities
Diplomacy (marriage alliances, interference in political affairs of other states, bribes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Areas of expansion

A

Norther tribes
Thessaly
Port cities
Central Greece
Athens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Who did philip supprt becaue a united thessaly poses danger

A

he support Laris against Pherae and its Theban allies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

The alliance between Pherae and Phocis alarmed who and forced them to seek who’s aid

A

Larisa and Thebes and forced them to seek Philip’s aid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Philip suffered how many defeats before he crushed the Phocians at the battle of the Crocus field

A

2 defeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Thebes tries to humiliate Phocis by having the Delphic Amphictyony severly fine them for what

A

for cultivating sacred land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Phocis seizes Delphi and uses Apollo’s treasures to recruit what

A

mercenaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Where does Phocis subdue

A

much of central Greece

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Who defeated Phocis

A

Macedonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

why did philip negotiate surrender terms with Phocis

A

to prevent Thebes from benefitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Phocis cities were broken up into what

A

villages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

who gained Phocis vote in the Delphic Amyphictyony

A

Philip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Where did Philip promise to restore but instead captured it

A

Amphipolis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

who seized Pydna, Methone and Poltidaea, which eliminated all of Athens allies in the north Aegean

A

Philip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

why did athens not respond to philip eliminating their allies

A

because of economic hardship from the Peloponnesian war and the defection of key allies from the second Athenian league

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

how is law passed

A

by assigning all fiscal surpluses to the Theoric Fund

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

The theoric fund funded what

A

public benefits such as building roads and religious festivals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what are the two ways the theoric fund encouraged a pacifist foreign policy

A

lessened the poor’s need for the pay they received by rowing in the fleet
Increased concern that surplus funds would be redirected to militart expenditures and people’s benefits reduced should war break out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what was improved when athenian revenue improved

A

new docks and fortifications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

who tried to block Macedon by marching to Thermoplyae and was defeated

A

The Athenians

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Athenian politican Philocrates negotiate peace with who in the summer of 346

A

Philip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Did peace between Athens and philip last long

A

no, it quickly collapsed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what are the terms philip forced on Athens

A

Athens abandon its claim to Amphipolis
Athens accept the exclusion from their Phocian and Thracian allies from the treaty
Agree that the city and the second Athenian league would become allies of Philip and his decendents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

what happened after began undermining the peace treaty

A

philip declared war on Athens

60
Q

Who did Athens join to frustrate philip’s siege of the Hellespontine city Perinthus

A

They joined Persia

61
Q

who besieged Byzantium and also campaigned against the Scythians

A

philip

62
Q

Who captured the black sea grain fleet and threatened Athens with starvation

A

Philip

63
Q

Who did Philip face in the late summer of 338 at Chaeronea in Boeotia

A

Athens, Thebes and the Boeatian League

64
Q

Who won between Athens and Greek during philip’s reign

A

Greek

65
Q

Who was Macedons greatest rival

A

Thebans

66
Q

Prisoners were only freed after

A

paying heavy ransom

67
Q

the dead were escorted back to the city by who

A

Alexander and Antipater

68
Q

What was thebes stripped off in the boeotian league

A

its traditional position of leadership

69
Q

Who did Athenians make Athenian citizens and what did they establish in Philip’s honor

A

they made Alexander and Antipater citizens and established a cult in philip’s honor

70
Q

Represantaives from where except Sparta met in Corinth to learn of Philip’s plans for Greece

A

from every major greek state

71
Q

Philip wanted an alliance called what

A

the Corinthian league

72
Q

Two goals of the league

A

to maintain a common peace in Greece
to avenge the Persian aggresion against the Greeks

73
Q

Who did Philip claim as a threat

A

Persia

74
Q

What was the name of the war between Greek and Persia

A

Panhellenic war

75
Q

Who was appointed leader of the alliance and commander of the war agaisnt Persia

A

Philip

76
Q

Who assasinated Philip

A

pausanias, a member of his own bodyguard

77
Q

Who was Philips 7th wife

A

Cleopatra

78
Q

Why did Pausanias kill Philip

A

becuase philip had ignored the abuse he suffered from Cleopatra’s uncle

79
Q

Where did Philip’s assassination take place

A

at Philip’s daughters wedding

80
Q

how old was alexander when his father philip died

A

20

81
Q

Who tutored Alexander the Great

A

Aristotle

82
Q

Who was Alexander obsessed with

A

Heracles and Achilles

83
Q

who was confirmed in Philip’s former positions as archon of Thessaly and hegemon of the Corinthian league

A

Alexander

84
Q

Who did Alex conclude the treaty of friendship with

A

a group of Gauls

85
Q

Alex’s long absence in the north sparked what rumours

A

rumors of his death in Greece

86
Q

What place was stormed and sacked and had their people sold into slavery

A

thebes

87
Q

How did Alex win popularity

A

when he freed Macedonians from all personal obligations except for military service

88
Q

who did Alex’s mother Olympias murder and why

A

she murdered Philip’s last wife Cleopatra and her daughter Europa to ensure there were no rivals to the throne

89
Q

At Aegea 3 royal tombs were discovered

A

Tomb 1 = remians of adult male, young female, infant, looted in antiquity
tomb 2 = cremated remains of middle aged male, young female, grave good
tomb 3 = cremated remains of teenage boy (Alexander the Great), grave goods

90
Q

Who was the first Greek to set foot in Asia

A

Protesilaus

91
Q

Why did alex leave almost half his Macedonian trrops with Antipater

A

to control Greece and Macedon

92
Q

Who was Alex’s second in command

A

Parmenion

93
Q

Where did Alex invade in Spring 334

A

asia

94
Q

How did Cleitus the Black save Alexander from death

A

he cut off the arm of a Persian noble who was about to kill Alex

95
Q

Who won between the Persians and Alex

A

Alex

96
Q

Alex ordered all but 2 thousand of the Greek mercenaries who fought for Persia to do what

A

to be slaughtered as traitors

97
Q

how many shields/spoils did Alex dedicate to Athens and why

A

he dedicated 300 shield/spoils to Athens to call out the Spartans for not being part of the Corinthian league

98
Q

What satrapies fell

A

Lydia, Caria and Lycia

99
Q

when did Alex made his supremacy clear

A

after his victory at the Granicus

100
Q

Cities had to make financial contributions to the Macedonians and what happened if they didnt

A

they were severely punished

101
Q

Who did Alex entrust the civil administration of the area in Caria to

A

the queen Ada who ruled as a widow

102
Q

who adopted alex as their son and heir

A

Queen Ada

103
Q

what almost killed Alex and made him have to delay his invasion until summer of 333

A

a severe fever

104
Q

why did Alex move south along the coast to Egypt

A

because he wanted to end Persian naval operations in the Aegean by depriving the Persian fleet of its base

105
Q

why did darius III lead the persian empire’s main forces from Babylon

A

he was hoping to trap Alex in anatolia

106
Q

why did Darius follow behind Alex

A

so that Alex’s communication with Anatolia and Macedonian bases would be cut off

107
Q

Battle of Issus

A

Alex led a cavalry charge on the center of the Persian line, forcing Darius to abandon his army and flee

108
Q

What happened with the royal treasure at Damascus

A

the treasure fell into Alex’s hands and ended his financial problems

109
Q

What did Alex do after capturing Darius entire family

A

he refused Darius written offer of friendship and alliance in exchange for his family

110
Q

What cities surrendered and what cities resisted

A

Syrian and Phoenician cities surrendered and Tyre and Gaza resisted

111
Q

What did Alex do with the male and female population of Tyre

A

he slaughtered most of the male population and sold the women and children into slavery

112
Q

Who surrendered without a fight

A

the last persian satra of Egypt

113
Q

who never accepted Persian rule to begin with

A

the egyptians

114
Q

How many months did Alex spend in egypt

A

6 months

115
Q

what oracle did Alex go to

A

the oracle of Zeus-Ammon

116
Q

who did Alex publically honor

A

the Apis bull, the living incarnationi of Ptah, chief god of Memphis and other Egyptian deities

117
Q

how did the chief priest of the oracle greet Alex

A

he called him son of Amnon

118
Q

when did the foundation of Alexandria occur

A

after his return from the oracle

119
Q

what was founded as a Greek polis with citizenship limited to Greeks and Macedonians

A

Alexandria

120
Q

Choice of site was influenced by what

A

strong homeric associations

121
Q

Egyptians and Greeks exercised only civil authority in where, while military power remained in the hands of who

A

they exercised only civil authority in Alexandria while military power remained in the hands of Macedonian officers

122
Q

How did the oracle heighten Alex’s personal identification

A

with his heroic ancestors Heracles and Achilles

123
Q

What opened a rift between alex and the older Macedonians

A

Alex’s unshakeable belief in his connection to his divine father Ammon

124
Q

Darius III offered what to Alex

A

marriage to his eldest daughter, cession of all territory west of the Euphrates river, and an enormous ransom for his family

125
Q

What did Alex do with Darius offer

A

he refused it

126
Q

Darius assembled an army and met Alex where

A

at Gaugamela in northeastern Iraq

127
Q

Who forced Darius to flee the battle and seek refuge in eastern Iran during the battle of Gaugamela

A

Alex

128
Q

Where did Alex capture

A

Babylon, Susa and Persepolis

129
Q

What did Alex order in Babylon

A

he ordered the reconstruction of a temple the Persians destroyed a century ago

130
Q

what was the spiritual empire of the persian empire where major rituals took place

A

Persepolis

131
Q

whos the daughter of the powerful Sogdian noble Alex married

A

Roxane

132
Q

What race is Roxanne

A

Iranian

133
Q

How did the Greeks and Macedonians see proskynesis

A

They saw it as a recognition of divinity and an unwelcome reminder of past Persian arrogance

134
Q

Why was Parmenion’s son Philotas killed

A

he failed to tell Alexander of an alleged plot to kill him

135
Q

Who did Alex drunkenly murder and why

A

Cleitus the black because he had been criticizing Alex’s efforts to accomodate the Persians and his belittling the contribution of his officers and soldiers to his successes

136
Q

Alex extensively recruited Iranian units to do what

A

to supplement his steadily dwindling supply of Macedonian and Greek troops

137
Q

How many armies met at the Hydaspes River

A

Two armies

138
Q

Porus had a strong defensive position and how many elephants

A

200

139
Q

Who won at the battle of the hydaspes

A

Alex

140
Q

what did alex do to Porus

A

he spared Porus, impressed by their nobility and restored his kingdom to Porus and added new territories to it

141
Q

What was the first major incursion into India from the west in 2 centuries

A

Alex’s invasion

142
Q

Greek and indian artistic traditions mingled to produce what

A

to produce Gandara art and to establish a stylistic vocabulary for expressing Buddhist traditions in human form

143
Q

What did Alex’s political arrangements in India indicate

A

it indicated that he intended to maintain control of his Indian conquests after his return to the west

144
Q

who governed the indus valley

A

3 macedonian satraps supported by strong detachments

145
Q

what was Alex’s purpose for leading the army through Gedrosia

A

to establish supply deposits for his fleet

Classics 1000 midterm 3 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions