Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NASM ® CPT > Chapter 11 - Health, Wellness, and Fitness Assessments > Flashcards

Chapter 11 - Health, Wellness, and Fitness Assessments Flashcards

After completing this deck, the fitness professional will be able to explain the importance of fitness assessments, collect and summarize subjective data, and perform physiological, body composition, and cardiorespiratory assessments.

1
Q

Who should you not perform a skin fold assessment on?

A
  • A client who does not wish to complete this assessment
  • Obviously obese clients as these measurements will likely be innaccurate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Men with a waist greater than or equal to _____ inches and women with a waist greater than ______ inches are at a higher risk for developing health issues

A

Men: 40 inches

Women: 35 inches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Calculate the BMI of a client who is 154 lbs and 5’11”. What class of weight would this person be in?

A

BMI = 21.6, Normal

5’11” = 71 inches

154 lbs / 2.2 = 70 kg

71 inches x 0.0254 = 1.80 m

BMI = 70 / (1.8)² = 70 / 3.24 = 21.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

VO2 max peaks around what age?

A

25-30.

VO2 is highly trainable and depends on fitness level. It is possible to have a higher VO2 later in life if you adopted a healthy lifestyle and started exercising later in life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the Rockport Walk test?

A

An aerobic fitness test for 1-mile that is used to predict VO2 max from either a time or heart rate response.

This test is best used for deconditioned individuals.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the eight standardized skinfold sites?

A
  • Tricep
  • Bicep
  • Chest
  • Abdomen
  • Mid-axillary (armpit)
  • Subscapular (back)
  • Suprailiac (hip)
  • Thigh
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define

Recovery heart rate

A

The number of heartbeats measured after exercise stops.

People with a higher fitness level recover quicker than those with a lower fitness level.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The top number of a blood pressure reading is called what?

A

Systolic blood pressure

Systolic blood pressure is the measurement of pressure in the blood vessels when the heart is contracted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some of the body composition assessments you can do on a client?

A
  • BMI
  • Waist circumference
  • Waist to hip ratio
  • Circumference measurements
  • Skinfolds
  • BIA
  • Hydrostatic weighing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Questionnaires are used to collect what?

A

Information regarding existing risk factors and determine the need for medical clearance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define

Blood pressure

A

Measurement of the pressure in arteries and other blood vessels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why would you need to know if the client wears shoes with a heel (such as high heels or work boots) often?

A

Wearing shoes with a heel puts the ankle in a plantarflexed position which can lead to overactive calf muscles and tightness in the Achilles tendon which could cause postural imbalances.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When taking a resting heart rate, what blood vessel are you palpating (or feeling)?

A

Artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A blood pressure of 135/84 would be considered what?

A

Hypertensive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the goal of the Rockport Walk Test?

A

To complete the mile as fast as possible.

Running or jogging is not allowed for this test.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why would you need to know if the client spends prolonged periods of time sitting?

A

The client’s hips are flexed for prolonged periods of time which can potentially lead to overactive hip flexors and cause low back pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What lifestyle habits are important to know about a client?

A
  • Current exercise
  • Sleep
  • Diet
  • Stress levels and management
  • Occupation
  • Hobbies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many times should you measure a site for skinfolds?

A

Minimum of twice

Each site must be within 1-2 mm to be correct. Take the average of the 2 numbers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

According to the Jackson and Pollock method of skinfolds, where are the three sites that should be measured on a female?

A
  1. Tricep
  2. Suprailliac
  3. Thigh

For a male, you would measure the chest, abdomen, and thigh.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is BMI?

A

Body Mass Index

BMI is the measurement of a person’s weight relative to his or her height.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you calculate someone’s waist to hip ratio?

A

Waist measurement / hip measurement

Make sure both measurements are taken in the same unit (for example, if the waist measurement is taken in inches, the hip ratio should also be taken in inches).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A health history questionnaire collects information regarding what?

A

Past and present medical history including past or current injuries, past surgeries, medication, exercise history, eating behaviors, and general lifestyle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

For this cardiorespiratory assessment, any cardio modality can be used. You begin the client at a light intensity and progress every minute while performing a continuous talk test until the test becomes challenging but not impossible.

A

VT1 Test

During this test, you will progress the client every one - three minutes taking note of their heart rate at the end of each intensity. Continue the test until the test is challenging but not impossible (ie the client can talk but only speaks a few words at a time). At this point record the intensity (such as the speed, resistance, or incline), the client’s heart rate, and their RPE. This heart rate is considered their VT1.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some pre-assessment rules the client should follow prior to the assessment day?

A
  • Drink plenty of water the day before
  • Avoid heavy foods, tobacco, and alcohol
  • Avoid caffeine 3 hours before
  • Avoid strenuous activity the day before
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

True or False

You can take a resting heart rate off any artery in the body, but NASM recommends using the carotid because the pulse is strongest there.

A

False.

NASM recommends using the radial artery for a heart rate reading. The carotid artery should be avoided because the vagus nerve lies just beneath this artery. Applying too much pressure to this nerve could lower someone’s heart rate to the point of them losing consciousness.

26
Q

What are the standardized measurement sites for other circumference measurements (other than waist and hip)?

A
  • Neck
  • Chest
  • Thigh
  • Calves
  • Arm
27
Q

Define

Heart rate

A

Measurement of the number of times the heart beats in one minute.

28
Q

If a client answers “yes” to any of the questions on the PAR-Q, what is the appropriate next step for the personal trainer?

A

Refer the client to a physician before starting an exercise program.

29
Q

A person would be classified as overweight with a BMI of _____.

A

25.0 to 29.9

30
Q

What measurements should be taken before exercise assessments?

A
  • Any body measurements such as circumference or body fat
  • Weight
  • Height
  • Heart rate
  • Blood pressure
31
Q

This cardiorespiratory test measures cardiorespiratory endurance by having participants cover a certain distance in as short of a time as possible by either walking, running, or jogging.

A

1.5 mile Run test

32
Q

Which sites are measured using the Durnin-Womersley formula for body fat percentage?

A
  1. Biceps
  2. Triceps
  3. Subscapular
  4. Iliac Crest

These sites are measured regardless of gender in the Durnin-Womersley formula)

33
Q

The seven-site skinfold assessment is best used on what population?

A
  • Clinical settings
  • Athletes

While this method will have the most accuracy, it is often invasive for the general population.

34
Q

What are some possible reasons why you would terminate an assessment?

A
  • Chest pain
  • A drop in blood pressure
  • Excessive elevation of blood pressure (diastolic reading greater than 115)
  • Signs of excessive fatigue
  • Indications of poor blood supply
  • Increased amounts of uncoordinated movements
  • Leg pain
  • The individual wishes to stop
  • Any malfunction of exercise or testing equipment
35
Q

A person would be classified as underweight with a BMI of less than ___________.

A

18.5

36
Q

A person would be classified as obese with a BMI of _____ and above.

A

30

37
Q

The YMCA 3-minute step test measures what?

A

Aerobic fitness by using recovery heart rate.

This test is best suited for deconditioned clients who are considered low-risk and apparently healthy.

38
Q

This cardiorespiratory assessment measures the participant’s ability to talk or hold a conversation during an activity at various intensities.

A

Talk test.

39
Q

Conducting a VO2 max assessment will give the fitness professional what information?

A
  • Indicates overall fitness level
  • Indicates heart function

The higher the VO2 , the healthier the person.

40
Q

The bottom number of a blood pressure reading is called what?

A

Diastolic blood pressure

Diastolic blood pressure is a measurement of pressure in the blood vessels when the heart is relaxed.

41
Q

At what blood pressure reading should a person seek medical attention immediately?

A

Above 180 / 120

42
Q

The Durnin-Womersley formula is best used for what population?

A

Individuals between the age of 17 and 49

This population works best with this formula because it is more accurate than the three-site method but still observes fat storage locations that are most common in those under 50.

43
Q

How do you calculate BMI?

A

Weight (in kg) / height (in meters)²

You can also calculate BMI using the imperial formula: 703 x weight (in lbs) / [height in inches]².

44
Q

Choose the best answer

If an abnormal or elevated blood pressure reading is taken during an assessment, what should you do?

  • Refer them to a physician
  • Diagnose the client with hypertension
  • Wait a few minutes and recheck on the other arm
  • Continue with the assessment
A

Wait a few minutes and recheck on the other arm

If the blood pressure is still abnormal or elevated, explain to the client that their blood pressure is elevated and you recommend they go and meet with their primary care doctor. DO NOT diagnose the client with or say the client has hypertension unless the client has already disclosed to you that they have been diagnosed with hypertension.

45
Q

For most people, a blood pressure above ____/_____ will be recommended to modify their lifestyle, have medical monitoring, and take a blood pressure-lowering medication.

A

140 / 90

46
Q

When should the recovery pulse be measured during a YMCA 3-Minute Step Test?

A

Within 5 seconds after completing the exercise

47
Q

This assessment is only used for individuals who have performance goals as it challenges a person’s aerobic and anaerobic energy systems.

A

VT2 Test.

For the VT2 test, allow the client to warm up and then progress to a moderately challenging pace, or the most challenging of a pace the client can hold for a prolonged period of time. The client will stay at this pace for 20 minutes. During the last 5 minutes, heart rate will be taken every minute. After 20 minutes, the client should cool down. Take an average of the 5 heart rate recordings and multiply by 95%. This is the client’s VT2.

48
Q

Calculate the BMI of a client who is 216 lbs and 5’6”. What class of weight would this person be in?

A

BMI = 34.8, Obesity class 1

5’6” = 66 inches

216 lbs / 2.2 = 98.18 kg

66 inches x 0.0254 = 1.68 m

BMI = 98.18 / (1.68)² = 98.18 / 2.82 = 34.8

49
Q

According to the Jackson and Pollock method of skinfolds, where are the seven sites that should be measured on a male?

A
  1. Chest
  2. Mid-axillary
  3. Subscapular
  4. Tricep
  5. Abdomen
  6. Suprailliac
  7. Thigh

These are the same locations for a female.

50
Q

How does bioelectrical impedance analysis work?

A

By sending a weak electrical current and measuring the time it takes to travel around the body.

Electricity will travel faster through lean body mass due to its high water content compared to fat.

51
Q

Where do you measure the waist circumference?

A

The narrowest point of the torso (between the ribs and the iliac crest of the hips)

If there is no obvious narrow section, measure around the umbilicus (belly button).

52
Q

Men are at a high risk of health issues with a waist circumference of ______ or a waist to hip ratio of _______.

A

39.3 inches or greater; 1.0 or greater

53
Q

Calculate the BMI of a client who is 169 lbs and 5’3”. What class of weight would this person be in?

A

BMI = 30, Obesity Class 1

5’3” = 63 inches

169 lbs / 2.2 = 76.8 kg

63 inches x 0.0254 = 1.6 m

BMI = 76.8 / (1.6)² = 76.8 / 2.56 = 30

54
Q

The PAR-Q+ assesses what 3 health indicators?

A
  1. Current level of physical activity
  2. Presence of signs or symptoms of cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, or metabolic disease.
  3. Desired exercise intensity
55
Q

A personal trainer should be able to provide what rationale for a fitness assessment?

A
  • Relevance
  • Appropirateness
  • Validity
  • Reliability
56
Q

Normal blood pressure should be what?

A

Below 120/80

57
Q

Would a client’s recovery heart rate be increased or decreased as a result of being on a beta-blocker?

A

Decreased

58
Q

For the YMCA 3-minute step test, how many steps per minute should be performed?

A

96

59
Q

What body composition test is mostly used in exercise physiology labs due to its accuracy?

A

Hydrostatic weighing

Hydrostatic weighing works by comparing your weight in and out of the water to determine body fat. A person with more lean tissue will weigh more in water.

60
Q

What is a PAR-Q+?

A

A detailed questionnaire designed to assess an individuals physical readiness for structured exercise

61
Q

Why are assessments important?

A
  • Identify individuals at increased risk for disease and should undergo more thorough medical evaluations
  • Identify individuals with contraindications to some kinds of exercise
  • Reduce the risk for unneeded medical clearance
  • Provide appropriate information for starting point of the exercise
  • Educate individuals about their current fitness level
  • Enable effective tracking and program evaluation
  • Motivational

NASM ® CPT (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions