Chapter 11- Islamic Civilzation

Question 1

Define Bedouins

Answer 1

nomadic herders who settled in the Arabian

Question 2

Who was Umar

Answer 2

2nd caliph of Islamic Empire; the conqueror

Question 3

Define Minaret

Answer 3

a tower used to call Muslims to prayer

Question 4

Define jihad

Answer 4

struggle to introduce Islam

Question 5

Define mosque

Answer 5

Muslim house of worship

Question 6

Define caliph

Answer 6

leader of Islamic civilization

Question 7

Define sultan

Answer 7

a political leader of the Turks, had no religious power

Question 8

Define imam

Answer 8

Muslim prayer leader, descendants of Muhammad

Question 9

Define hijrah

Answer 9

Muhammad’s flight or migration to Medina

Question 10

Define hajj

Answer 10

pilgrimage to Makkah

Question 11

Who was Abu Bakr

Answer 11

1st caliph after Muhammad; created the Qu’ran

Question 12

What city was built by Abul- Abbas?

Answer 12

Baghdad

Question 13

What city was capital of the Abbasid empire?

Answer 13

Baghdad

Question 14

Who is the prophet of Islam?

Answer 14

Muhammad

Question 15

What god do Muslims worship?

Answer 15

Allah

Question 16

What is the holiest city of Islam and why?

Answer 16

Mecca, because Muhammad was born there

Question 17

What is the political center of Islam?

Answer 17

Medina

Question 18

Where did Muhammad flee in AD 622?

Answer 18

Medina

Question 19

Who was the Muslim doctor who treated smallpox and measles?

Answer 19

Al- Razi

Question 20

Who was the Muslim physician who wrote a book that classified all known medical information up until the 900’s

Answer 20

Ibenscina (spelled wrong)

Question 21

Islam experienced a schism, and split into 2 groups… What were they and what did each believe?

Answer 21

Sunni- followed Mu’awiyah

Shi’ite- didn’t follow Mu’awiyah and believed only descendants of Muhammad should rule

Question 22

Who was Ali’s rival, who founded the Umayyad dynasty?

Answer 22

Mu’awiyah

Question 23

Who is Al- Idrisi?

Answer 23

a geographer who created the most accurate maps of the known world

Question 24

Under who’s rule did the Abbasid Empire reach its height?

Answer 24

Harun Al- Rashid

Question 25

What is the name given to Muslims who live in Spain?

Answer 25

Moors

Question 26

What type of book did Ibn Sina write?

Answer 26

Medical

Question 27

What did Al Khwarizmi study?

Answer 27

Algebra

Question 28

What are the five pillars of Islam

Answer 28

1) Faith: Muslims are to confess their faith acknowledging Muhammad as prophet and the divinity of God. 2) Prayer: Muslims are to pray 5 times a day facing Mecca, Sunrise, Early Morning, Noon, early afternoon, and sunset 3) Alms: Giving charity and assistance to the weak and poor. 4) Fasting: during Ramadan, Muslims are to neither eat nor drink from sunrise to sunset. In the evening, Muslims can eat together and socialize. 5) Pilgrimage: Every Muslim is to take a Hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca. It involves das of ceremony, prayer, and sacrifice

Question 29

What was an astrolabe?

Answer 29

A tool created by the Greeks and improved by the Muslims that allowed Islamic scholars to locate the position of the stars, find the beginning of Ramadan (the month of fasting), and measure the earth’s circumference.

Question 30

What is the Muslim Holy book?

Answer 30

Qur'an

Question 31

What is the official language of Islam?

Answer 31

Arabic

Question 32

How many times a day do Muslims pray?

Answer 32

5

Question 33

When do Muslims fast?

Answer 33

During Ramadan from sunrise to sunset

Question 34

Who did the Muslims believe was the last prophet?

Answer 34

Muhammad

Question 35

Before Muhammad, who's shine did the Arabs travel to Mecca to worship?

Answer 35

The Kaaba

Question 36

What does the Kaaba house?

Answer 36

The black stone

Question 37

List three similarities between Islam. Christianity, and Judaism.

Answer 37

- They all believe in only one God - All have some sort of paradise and hell - All believe in a prophet

Question 38

List 3 differences between Islam, Christianity, and Judaism.

Answer 38

founder,holy book, and main day of worship

Question 39

What were the 3 choices faced by non-Muslims in the Islamic Empire?

Answer 39

They had to decide whether to pay higher taxes, convert to Islam, OR DIE!!!!

Question 40

Explain 4 reasons for the rapid expansion of the Islamic Empire.

Answer 40

- attcked weak - fighting for giiad - united by religion - if died went directly to heaven

Question 41

Why was the Battle of Tours and why was it important?

Answer 41

Muslims defeated by Franks (charles something)

Question 42

What is the difference between the Sunnis and the Shi’ites?

Answer 42

The Sunnis accepted Mu'awiyah as the rightful caliph and Shi’ites believed only descendants of Muhammad could become caliph.

Question 43

What are 3 accomplishments of the Islamic Empire under the Umayyad caliphate?

Answer 43

- Made Arabic the official language - Facilitated trade across Islamic land - Stressed politics over religion and minted currency