Chapter 11 Page Four

Question 1

What do B-cells do?

Answer 1

B-cells receive the information from the T-cells and produce the appropriate antibodies. B-cells are also lymphocytes.

Example: B-cells produce antibodies against specific antigens.

Question 2

What are antibodies specific to?

Answer 2

Antibodies are specific to certain antigens that enter the body.

Example: Antibodies attach to invading antigens at their complementary site.

Question 3

What are the functions of antibody attachment to antigens?

Answer 3

The attachment of antibodies to antigens has several functions:
a) makes the invader larger and more easily found by phagocytes.
b) immobilizes the invader.
c) often groups several antigens together.
d) makes it difficult for the invader to enter other cells.
e) alters the shape of the antigen.

Example: Antibodies change the shape of the antigen to prevent invasion of cells.

Question 4

What do Killer T-cells do?

Answer 4

Killer T-cells destroy any cell with antigen markers and leave healthy cells alone. Killer T-cells are also believed to destroy cancerous cells in everyone’s body. Killer T-cells may also be responsible for rejection of organ transplants.

Example: Killer T-cells destroy cells with antigen markers to protect the body.

Question 5

Why do allergies occur?

Answer 5

Allergies occur because the body mistakes a harmless substance as a dangerous one.
1. The immune system will respond. 2.Tissues will swell,
3. airways may be constricted,
4.increased mucous levels occur.

Example: Allergies result from the immune system’s response to harmless substances.