Chapter 11: Respiration and gas exchange

Question 1

aerobic respiration

Answer 1

chemical reactions that take place in mitochodria, which use oxygen to break down glucose to release energy

Question 2

anaerobic respiration

Answer 2

chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy

Question 3

gas exchange

Answer 3

the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide into and out of an organism’s body

Question 4

gas exchange surface

Answer 4

a part of the body where gas exchange between the body and the environment takes place

Question 5

goblet cells

Answer 5

cells found in the lining of the respiratory passages and digestive system

Question 6

cillia

Answer 6

tiny projections from some of the cells in the lining of the respiratory passages

Question 7

alveoli

Answer 7

tiny air-filled sacs in the lungs where gas exchange takes place

Question 8

trachea

Answer 8

the tube through which air travels to the lungs

Question 9

thorax

Answer 9

the chest

Question 10

bronchus

Answer 10

one of the two tubes that takes air from the trachea into the lungs

Question 11

bronchiole

Answer 11

a small tube that takes air from a bronchus to every part of the lungs

Question 12

ventilation

Answer 12

movement of air into and out of the lungs

Question 13

intercostal muscles

Answer 13

muscles between the ribs, which raise and lower the rib cage when they contract and relax

Question 14

diaphragm

Answer 14

a muscle that seperates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

Question 15

oxygen debt

Answer 15

extra oxygen that is needed after anaerobic respiration