Chapter 12

Question 1

Stress

Answer 1

Physiological responses that occur when an organism fails to respond appropriately to emotional or physical threats

Question 2

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Answer 2

Extreme negative events may produce an extreme form of stress known as Post Traumatic stress Disorder

Question 3

Symptoms of PTSD

Answer 3

Anxiety, sleeplessness, nightmares and social withdrawal

Question 4

Who created the General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 4

Hans Selye

Question 5

3 phases of General Adaptation Syndrome

Answer 5

Alarm
Resistance
Exhaustion

Question 6

Alarm

Answer 6

First reaction to stress
Body releases stress hormones, including cortisol

Question 7

Resistance

Answer 7

After a period of chronic stress, body adapts to the ongoing threat and tries to return to its normal functions

Question 8

Exhaustion

Answer 8

Body runs out of its energy reserve. Blood sugar levels decrease, leading to decreased stress tolerance.
Body organs begin to fail, and eventually death occurs

Question 9

HPA axis

Answer 9

A physiological response to stress involving
Hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands to secrete hormones

Question 10

Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale

Answer 10

Measure of some everyday life events that might lead to stress

Question 11

Emotion Regulation

Answer 11

Ability to successfully control our emotions

Question 12

Stress impact on personal

Answer 12

When stressors are measured comprehensively, their damaging impacts
on physical and mental health are substantial.

Question 13

Stress impact on socioeconomic

Answer 13

Differential exposure to stressful experiences can produce
gender, racial-ethnic, marital status, and social class inequalities in physical and
mental health.

Question 14

Stress impact on socio-political

Answer 14

Stressors proliferate over the course of life and across generations,
widening health gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged group members.

Question 15

Adrenaline

Answer 15

Harmone that increases heart rate, blood pressure and energy

Question 16

Cortisol

Answer 16

Primary stress hormone that increases sugars in the bloodstream, enhances the brains use of glucose, and increases the availability of substances that repair tissues

Question 17

Eustress

Answer 17

Refers to stress that is not neccesarily deliberative and could be potentially facilitate to a persons sense of well being, capacity or performance

Question 18

Hardiness Theoretical model

Answer 18

Illustrates resilient stress response patterns in individuals and groups

Question 19

Commitment

Answer 19

Tendency to see the world as interesting and meaningful

Question 20

Control

Answer 20

Belief in ones ability to control or influence events

Question 21

Challenge

Answer 21

Seeing a change and new experiences as exciting opportunities to learn and develop

Question 22

Inverted U hypothesis

Answer 22

Stress can be growth inducing but there us a turning point when stress becomes deliberative

Question 23

How can stress be viewed as

Answer 23

Response, stimulus and transaction

Question 24

Who captured the GAS model

Answer 24

Hans Selye

Question 25

What does the GAS model descibe

Answer 25

Stress is a defence mechanism Stress follows the three stages of alarm, resistance and exhaustion If the stress is prolonged or severe, it could result in diseases of adaptation or even death

Question 26

Transactional Theory of Stress and Coping (TTSC)

Answer 26

Presents stress as a product of a transaction between person (including multiple systems: Cognitive, physiological, affective, psychological and neurological) and their complex environment

Question 27

Primary Appraisal

Answer 27

Involves determining whether the stressor poses a threat

Question 28

Secondary Appraisal

Answer 28

Involves the individuals evaluation of the resources or coping stratergies at their disposal for addressing any perceived threats

Question 29

Reappraisal

Answer 29

involves continually reappraising both the nature of the stressor and the resources available for responding to the stressor.

Question 30

Internal Locus of Control

Answer 30

achievements and outcomes are believed to be determined by a person’s own decisions and efforts.

Question 31

External Locus of Control

Answer 31

achievements and outcomes are believed to be determined by fate, luck, or other.

Question 32

Self efficacy

Answer 32

Extent or strength of ones belief in ones own ability to complete tasks and reach goals

Question 33

Stress Related Growth

Answer 33

a dispositional response to stress that enables the individual to see opportunities for growth as opposed to threat or debilitation.

Question 34

Thriving

Answer 34

Being (better off after adversity)

Question 35

Biopsychosocial Model of Health

Answer 35

posits that biology, psychology, and social factors are just as important in the development of disease as biological causes (e.g., germs, viruses).

Question 36

Resilience

Answer 36

What keeps us protected from disease and alive longer?

Question 37

Five Factors of protecting our health

Answer 37

Coping Control and Self Efficacy Social Relationships Dispositions and emotions Stress Management

Question 38

Problem Foused Coping

Answer 38

actively addressing the event that is causing stress in an effort to solve the issue at hand.

Question 39

Emotion Focused Coping

Answer 39

regulates the emotions that come with stress.

Question 40

Social Integration

Answer 40

describes the number of social roles that you have as well as the lack of isolation.

Question 41

Type A behaviour

Answer 41

Being competitive, impatient, hostile, and time urgent. This pattern is associated with double the risk of heart disease as compared with Type B Behavior.

Question 42

Biofeedback

Answer 42

a technique where the individual is shown bodily information that is not normally available to them, and then taught strategies to alter this signal.

Question 43

Health Beviours

Answer 43

Behaviours that can improve or harm your health

Question 44

Behavioural Medicine

Answer 44

occupations might include jobs in occupational therapy, rehabilitation, or preventative medicine.

Question 45

Positive Psychology

Answer 45

It focuses on measuring aspects of the human condition that lead to happiness, fulfillment, and flourishing.

Question 46

Six core virtues

Answer 46

courage, justice, humanity, temperance, transcendence and wisdom.

Question 47

Three strengths of positive Psychology

Answer 47

Forgiveness Gratitude Humility

Question 48

Forgiveness

Answer 48

Essential to harmonious long term relationships between individuals

Question 49

Gratitude

Answer 49

is a feeling of appreciation or thankfulness in response to receiving a benefit.