Chapter 12 Flashcards by Tala Tassi

waterfall model

a linear sequential program development cycle, in which each stage is completed before the next is begun

low customer involvement
well documented as full documentation is done at every stage

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Iterative model

a type of program development cycle in which a simple subset of the requirements is developed, then expanded or enhanced, with the development cycle being repeated until the full system has been developed

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

RAD

a type of program development cycle in which diff parts of the requirements are developed in parallel, using prototyping to provide early user involvement in testing

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

maintenance

part of the program development lifecycle; the process of making sure that the program continues to work during use

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

testing

part of the program development lifecycle; the testing of the program to make sure that it works under all conditions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

coding

part of the program development lifecycle; the writing of the program or suite of program

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

design

part of the program development lifecycle; it uses the program specification from the analysis stage to show how the program should be developed

Uses pseudo code
Structure charts
State transition diagram

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

analysis

part of the program development lifecycle; a process of investigation, leading to the specification of what a program is required to do

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

program development lifecycle

the process of developing a program set out in five stages: analysis, design, coding, testing and maintenance

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is run time error

an error found in a program when it is executed; the program may halt unexpectedly

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

test strategy

an overview of the testing required to meet the requirements specified for a particular program; it shows how and when the program is to be tested

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is dry run

a method of testing a program that involves working through a program manually and documents the results using a trace table

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is walkthrough

a method of testing a program. A formal version of a dry run
it’s where another member of the development team independently dry runs the pseudo code or developer takes the team members through the dry run process

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

white box testing

tests the code robustly, through every path and carried out by the developer

A method of testing a program that tests the structure and logic of every path through a program module

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what is black box testing

when a person who did not develop the program inputs normal test data and compared to expected output. not able to see the code

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

integration testing

individual modules are tested and then joined together to make sure they work together

stub testing

when developers test procedures and functions work correctly before releasing them to the public by using dummies

alpha testing

software is tested in house by the developers before releasing it to the public

beta testing

a version is given to small group of potential users and then the users give feedback to the developers

acceptance testing

when software is released to customer and they ensure it meets requirements

corrective maintenance

the correction of any errors that appears during use

perfect i’ve maintenance

the process of making improvement to the performance of a program that involves

adaptive maintenance

the alteration of a program to perform new tasks

what are the pros and cons of waterfall

pros
- easy to manage and use
- stages don’t overlap and are completed one at a time
- each stage had specific deliverables
- works well for smaller programs where requirements are known and understood

cons
- difficult to change the requirements at a later stage
- not suitable for programs where requirements can be changed
- working program is produced late in the life cycle
- not suitable for long complex projects

what are pros and cons of iterative model

pros - some working programs developed quickly at an early stage in the lifestyle - easier to debug smaller programs where requirements - more flexible as easier to alter requirements - customer involved at each iteration therefore no surprises when final system deleivered cons - whole system needs to be defined at start, so it can be broken down into pieces to be developed at each iteration - needs good planning overall and for every stage - not suitable for short projects

what are pros and cons of RAD

pros - reduced overall development time - rapid frequent customer feedback informs the development - very flexible as requirements evolve from feedback during development - parts of the systems are developed side by side, modification is easier because each part must work independently cons - system under development needs to be modular - needs strong teams of skilled developers - not suitable for short projects

what does structure chart mean

a modelling tool used to decompose a problem into a set of sub tasks. it shows the hierarchy or structure of the different modules and how they connect and interact with eachother

what is FSM

a mathematical model of a machine that can be in one state of a fixed set of possible states. one state is changed to another by an external input this is known as a transition

what is state transition diagram

a diagram showing the behavior of a finite state machine (fsm)

what’s a state transition table

a table showing every state of a finite state machine (FSM) each possible input and the state after the input

what’s an syntax error

errors in the grammar of a source program when program is compiled the syntax is checked

what’s a logic error

when a program works however the results aren’t as expected

what’s run time error

it happens when the program is executed the program stops unexpectedly as the command isn’t possible

what’s the purpose of a structure chart

represents the breakdown of a system into smaller components and how they interact

what do the upwards and downwards arrows mean

the downwards arrows mean the result from one stage is input/ passed to the next the upwards arriws mean more work is required at a previous stage to complete the current stage

what are the benefits of using waterfall method

pros simple to understand easy to manage due to fixed stages each stage has specific outcomes cons not good model for complex poor model for long projects