Chapter 12 Behaviorism Flashcards
(23 cards)
Behaviorism
Studying behavior, quantitative and qualitative
Ivan Pavlov
Applied physiological principles to psychology
Classical conditioning
Did research with dogs, reflexes, and feeding
In Russia
Pavlovian
Any predictable conditioned response
IAN PAVLOV
Ian Pavlov’s classical conditioning
Unconditioned stimulus = unconditioned response
Neutral stimulus pairs with a conditioned stimulus and then you can get the behavior you want
Experimental neurosis
IAN PAVLOV
Presenting an animal something that can’t solve and they get agitated
Could also deal with electric shocks
What kinds of classical conditioning did Pavlov look at?
Terms and processes
Dogs
Jhon Watson
Bright Favlovs ideas from Russia to America
Give me an infant and I can turn it to whatever I want because if the environment
Behaviorism proper
What did Watson think about consciousness?
That psychologists should only study observable behavior
Thought introspection was unreliable because it is subjective
Metholodgical behaviorism
JHON WATSON
Only observable behavior
Objective only
Quantative
All behavior is reflective
Stimulus leads to response
Stimulus response psychology
Edward Lee Throndike Puzzle Box Method
Hungry cat in box, food outside box, and then observed the behavior
Initially the cat did random behavior but then opened the box
Over many trials random behavior lessened
Observing other cats or showing them did not help
TRIAL AND ERROR
Learning Curve
Ability to do correct behaviors gets better over time
THORNDIKE
Throndikes theories
Connectionism and trial and error
Learning is not helped with ideas
Believed all mammals learn this way
Punishment not good
Assumptions of behaviorism
Precision and clarity of terms and concepts
Learning research formed the foundation of behavioral research and theory
Methods of behaviorism
Operationalist approach
Logical posiutism ( concepts have to be verified)
Experimental results
Understand the foundations of learning
Objective
Stimulus response
Neo Behaviorism
CLARK HULL
Less focused on observation but still observable
Operationalized of terms
Intervening variables
Mediator how something works
Statistics
Internal states can influence observable behavior, Watson was anti internal states
Mentalistic
which field of behaviorism was Clark Hull
Neo Behaviorism
Cognitive behaviorism
EDWARD TOLMAN
Broader approach
Rat is not just motivated by basic drives / stimulus
Also expectation and hypotheses
Purposive behaviorism
What’s going on in their mind not just the environment
What field of behaviorism did Edward TOLMAN use?
Cognitive behaviorism
BF Skinner experiment
Hungry rat in box
Automatic feeder
When the feeder is activated the rat goes to the machine
Presses lever
Gets food
BF Skinner Thoughts
No trial and error
Behavior is strengthened by a single consequence
Some consequences increase behavior others reduce behavior
Reinforcement
Operant conditioning
Believed in determinalism
Did not believe in free will
Discrimination
SKINNER
If something happens at the same time always, behavior will happen only when both things happen
Differentian
How often = how often one will try
SKINNER
Shaped
SKINNER
Complex behavior patterns broken down into smaller parts
