Chapter 13?

Question 1

Discovery Causes

Answer 1

1. Economics: Desire for an all water route to china and india for the valuable spice trade
2. driven by their desire to use potential gold and riches in future crusades against islam
3. religious fervor to spread christianity to non believers

Question 2

The treaty of tordesillas 1494

Answer 2

to avid future conflicts between spain and portugal pope alexander VI helped negotiate a treaty dividing current and future discoveries

Question 3

______________ called aztecs by the europeans

Answer 3

mexica

Question 4

Cortes expedition served as the model for others ____________ ____________ conquered the Inca

Answer 4

Francisco Pizarro

Question 5

Spanish gold and silver from the new world causes

Answer 5

inflation to soar

Question 6

the columbian exchange

Answer 6

the movement of people, animals, plants, manufactured goods, precious metals, and diseases between europe, america, africa

Question 7

spaniards brought to the new world

Answer 7

christianity
iron technology
sailing ships
firearms
wheeled vehicles
horses
old world viruses

Question 8

johannes gutenberg, printing press and movable type, a key role in the development of

Answer 8

the renaissance, reformation, the age of enlightenment and the scientific revolution

Question 9

in 1517 martin luther ____________________________________ movement that will forever split the western church

Answer 9

nailed his 95 theses on church reform to the wittenberg church doors

Question 10

luther had 2 major issues

Answer 10

salvation
indulgences

Question 11

watenburg castles, significance was his influence on the emergence of the german language

Answer 11

1415 translated the bible into germane g

Question 12

group that was extremly supportive and influential for luther

Answer 12

evangelicals

Question 13

predestianation

Answer 13

god ordained “the elect” small group to salvation or damnation even before the creation of the world

Question 14

was europe’s largest and most widespread popular uprising prior to the french revolution of 1789

Answer 14

the peasants war of 1525

Question 15

act of supremacy

Answer 15

created the church of england and made henry and subsequently english monarchs the head of the new church

Question 16

the council of trent results

Answer 16

banned the sale of indulgences

church was the ultimate authority on the bible, anyone else was a heretic

salvation depended on both faith and good works not just faith

Question 17

the pope also created a new priest order to combat the protestants and to convert the heathens to christianity

Answer 17

the jesuits

Question 18

father of modern political science

Answer 18

Niccolo Machiavelli

Question 19

was one of the most influential royal houses of europe

Answer 19

the house of habsburg

Question 20

in 1535 francis I forgot an alliance with the __________ against charles V

Answer 20

muslims turks

Question 21

royal revenues could not keep up with the military expenditures, solutions:

Answer 21

they declared their coinage
the borrowed

Question 22

the peace of augsburg:

Answer 22

most important, it established that all princes, enjoyed the right to determine the religion of their land and subjects, excluded calvinists