Chapter 5

Question 1

Rome’s neighbor to the North was the _____

Answer 1

Etruscans

Question 2

The ritual of divination:

Answer 2

Examining organs of slaughtered animals

Question 3

Citizen militia of heavily armed infantry:

Answer 3

Fighting in formation

Question 4

Created the most famous and enduring government body:

Answer 4

The Senate

Question 5

In 509, the Roman nobility deposed the Etruscan kings and replaced the monarchy with an __________

Answer 5

aristocratic republic

Question 6

The highest value was Virtus (_____) which emphasized strength, loyalty, and courage especially in war

Answer 6

Virtue

Question 7

_______ was Roman societies bedrock because it taught values and determined ownership of property

Answer 7

The Family

Question 8

Romans in general, tended to be very tolerant towards most religions and cults, so long as they did __________

Answer 8

Not cause trouble

Question 9

The shrine of Vesta, goddess of the earth and the protector of the family. It was the Vestal Virgins Job to __________

Answer 9

to keep the flame from going out, thus ensuring Rome’s protection

Question 10

Traditional Roman values stressed virtue, fidelity to the ____________________, _________ first and foremost

Answer 10

The common good, republic

Question 11

A system/institution based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations

Answer 11

Patron-Client system

Question 12

Was a man of superior status which could offer financial and political assistance to people of lower status

Answer 12

A Patron

Question 13

Forum:

Answer 13

The cities public center

Question 14

Patricians:

Answer 14

small group of aristocratic families who could trace their ancestry to one of the 100 patriarchs at the founding of the city

Question 15

Plebeians:

Answer 15

They were the majority of free roman citizens of the lower class

Question 16

The struggle between the classes began over ____________________

Answer 16

marrying wealthy plebeians insisted on the right to marry patricians as social equals

Question 17

The number one bargaining chip for the Plebeians during this period was the refusal of _______________

Answer 17

Military service

Question 18

Tribunes:

Answer 18

Possessed the authorities to veto any legislation and contradict any advice from the senate if they deemed it harmful or injurious to the plebeians

Question 19

The twelve tables:

Answer 19

a written law code in 451 BC, establishing basic procedural rights for all Roman citizens. Best protection against social strife.

Question 20

By 287 the Plebeian assembly was making laws that were binding on ALL romans called _____

Answer 20

Plebiscites

Question 21

Membership to all assemblies required _______________

Answer 21

Previous military service

Question 22

Centuriate assembly

Answer 22

could declare war and elect the top 3 magistrates

Question 23

The high office in the republic of rome

Answer 23

Consuls

Question 24

The senate possessed 3 important powers:

Answer 24

1. They controlled the Treasury
2. They controlled state religions and oversaw the cults
3. In a state of emergency, the senate could name a dictator

Question 25

The main 2 reasons for Rome’s remarkable expansion:

Answer 25

Fear from attack and desire for wealth

Question 26

Approach to governance of conquered foes:

Answer 26

The Hammer in the velvet glove

Question 27

Worst Roman military defeat EVER

Answer 27

Battle of Cannae

Question 28

Supported the common people

Answer 28

Populares

Question 29

Supporting the social elite

Answer 29

Optimates

Question 30

Initiated reforms to allow landless rural residents and urban workers into the army

Answer 30

Gaius Marius

Question 31

The first Triumvirate

Answer 31

Pompey, Crassus, and Julius Caesar

Question 32

Caesars reign and signif. import/popular policies

Answer 32

-Moderate debt relif, especially for allies
-a large scale program for public works
-coloines (land) for his veterans
-expand citizenship
-clemency for his political enemies

Question 33

March 15th 44 BC

Answer 33

Ides of March