Chapter 13

Question 1

Theoretical perspectives on education and religion?

Answer 1

Functionalist: Maintains order and passes on knowledge

Conflict: Education/religion perpetuate inequality

Interactionist: Focuses on classroom interaction

Feminist: Highlights gender disparities

Question 2

According to Weber, what makes up capitalism?

Answer 2

Rationalization, private ownership, profit motive, wage labor, competition, and reinvestment of profits.

Question 3

What are the 5 characteristics of bureaucracy?

Answer 3

Division of labor

Hierarchy of authority

Written rules and regulations

Impersonality

Employment based on technical qualifications

Question 4

What is the “hidden curriculum”?

Answer 4

Unofficial lessons taught in schools, like obedience, conformity, and social norms.

Question 5

What do critics think is being taught through the hidden curriculum?

Answer 5

Reinforcement of the status quo and class inequality.

Question 6

What does the “stained glass ceiling” refer to?

Answer 6

Barriers that prevent women from rising to leadership in religious institutions.

Question 7

Major world religions and their characteristics?

Answer 7

Christianity: Belief in Jesus as savior; largest religion

Islam: Belief in Allah and Muhammad as prophet

Hinduism: Polytheistic; reincarnation and karma

Buddhism: Focus on enlightenment, detachment from desire

Judaism: Covenant between God and Jewish people

Question 8

According to Durkheim, what is the purpose of religion?

Answer 8

To create social cohesion, reinforce collective conscience, and provide meaning.