Chapter 13

Question 0

need

Answer 0

condition in which we require something we lack

Question 1

motive

Answer 1

stimulus that moves a person to behave in ways designed to accomplish a specific goal

Question 2

drive

Answer 2

The forces that motivates an organism to take action

Question 3

instincts

Answer 3

behavior patterns that are genetically transmitted from generation to generation

Question 4

homeostasis

Answer 4

tendency to maintain state of equilibrium in the body

Question 5

self actualization

Answer 5

need to become what one believes he or she is capable of being

Question 6

obese

Answer 6

weighing more than 30% above recommended weight

Question 7

stimulus motives

Answer 7

desires for stimulation

Question 8

sensory deprivation

Answer 8

an absence of stimulation

Question 9

achievement motivation

Answer 9

Drive to get ahead tackle challenging situations and meet high personal standards of success

Question 10

performance goals

Answer 10

specific goals earning the approval of parents teachers or even simply avoiding criticism

Question 11

Learning goals

Answer 11

Learning for learning’s sake

Question 12

extrinsic rewards

Answer 12

external reward

Question 13

intrinsic reward

Answer 13

internal rewards such as self-satisfaction

Question 14

cognitive consistency

Answer 14

thinking and behaving in a way that fits what they believe and how others expect them to think and behave

Question 15

balance theory

Answer 15

people need to organize the perceptions, opinions and believes in a harmonious manner

Question 16

imbalance

Answer 16

uncomfortable disharmony

Question 17

non-balance

Answer 17

indifferent disharmony

Question 18

cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 18

people are motivated to reduce inconsistency

Question 19

affiliation

Answer 19

The desire to join with others and to be part of something larger than oneself

Question 20

emotions

Answer 20

States of feeling

Question 21

opponent process theory

Answer 21

emotions come in pairs, with one emotion followed by its opposite

Question 22

commonsense approach

Answer 22

A person interprets a situation which signals a feeling or emotion

Question 23

The James Lange theory

Answer 23

emotions follow rather than cause behavioral reactions

Question 24

the cannon bard theory

Answer 24

emotions simultaneously accompany the bodily responses aroused by a stimulus

Question 25

what body parts play a role in the hunger drive

Answer 25

mouth stomach and hypothalamus

Question 26

Drive reduction theory

Answer 26

Clark Hull; Drive arising from a need as an unpleasant tension

Question 27

Abraham Maslow

Answer 27

hierarchy of needs; humanistic