Chapter 13

Question 1

Group

Answer 1

two or more interacting and interdependent individuals who come together to achieve specific goals

Question 2

Formal groups

Answer 2

work groups that are defined by the organization’s structure

have designated work assignments and specific tasks

Question 3

Informal groups

Answer 3

social groups which naturally occur in the workplace

form around friendships and common interests

Question 4

Stages of Group Development

Answer 4

Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

Question 5

Forming stage phase 1

Answer 5

joining the group

Question 6

Forming stage phase 2

Answer 6

defining the group’s purpose, structure, and leadership

Question 7

Storming stage

Answer 7

intragroup conflict

conflict over who will control and what the group needs to do

Question 8

Norming stage

Answer 8

close relationships develop

Question 9

Performing stage

Answer 9

group works on the group’s task

last stage of permanent work groups

Question 10

Adjourning

Answer 10

final stage for temporary groups

disbanding

Question 11

organization’s strategy, authority relationships, formal rules and regulations, availability of resources, employee selection criteria, performance management system and culture, and general physical layout of the group’s work space

Answer 11

External Conditions Imposed on the Group

Question 12

knowledge, abilities, skills, and personality traits, interpersonal skills, collaborative problem solving, and communication of each individual in a group

Answer 12

Group Member Resources

Question 13

Role

Answer 13

behavior patterns expected of someone occupying a given position in a social unit

Question 14

Task Accomplishment Role

Answer 14

focusing on getting work done

Question 15

Group Member Satisfaction Role

Answer 15

giving members the opportunity to offer ideas and satisfaction with their experience

Question 16

Norms

Answer 16

standards or expectations accepted and shared by a group’s members

Question 17

Conformity

Answer 17

individuals are pressured to conform

Question 18

Groupthink

Answer 18

when a group exerts extensive pressure on an individual to align his or her opinion with that of others

Question 19

Work Group Performance and Satisfaction

Answer 19

External conditions, Group Member resources, Group Structure, Group Processes, Group tasks

Question 20

Group Structure

Answer 20

Role, Norms, Conformity, Status, Group Size, Group Cohesiveness, Group Process

Question 21

Status

Answer 21

prestige grading, position within a group

Question 22

Optimal group size

Answer 22

5 - 7

Question 23

Social loafing

Answer 23

tendency to expend less effort when working collectively

Question 24

Group cohesiveness

Answer 24

degree to which group members are attracted to one another and share the group’s goals

Question 25

communication, decision making, conflict management affect group performance/satisfaction

Answer 25

Group Process

Question 26

Nominal Group Technique

Answer 26

Group decision making technique in which members are presented with a problem and each member independently writes down his ideas on the problem

Question 27

Group Process

Answer 27

Group Decision Making, Conflict Management

Question 28

Conflict

Answer 28

perceived incompatible differences

Question 29

Conflict Views

Answer 29

Traditional, Human Relations View, Interactionist view

Question 30

the view that all conflict is bad and must be avoided.

Answer 30

Traditional

Question 31

the view that conflict is a natural and inevitable outcome in any group

Answer 31

Human Relations

Question 32

the view that some conflict is necessary for a group to perform effectively.

Answer 32

Interactionist view

Question 33

Functional conflict

Answer 33

conflicts that support goals and improve group performance

Question 34

Dysfunctional

Answer 34

conflicts that prevent a group from achieving goals

Question 35

Task conflict

Answer 35

over content and goals

Question 36

Relationship conflict

Answer 36

based on interpersonal relationships

Question 37

process conflict

Answer 37

how work gets done

Question 38

how much conflict is optimal for task, relationship, process conflict?

Answer 38

Relationship - minimal to none; often dysfunctional Task conflict - low to moderate Process- low

Question 39

Group Tasks

Answer 39

complexity and interdependence of tasks influence group's effectiveness

Question 40

Conflict Management Techniques

Answer 40

Forcing, Compromising, Avoiding, Accommodating, Collaborating

Question 41

Work Team

Answer 41

groups whose members work intensely on a specific, common goal

Question 42

Team from the same department or functional area involved in improving work activities or solving problems

Answer 42

Problem-solving team

Question 43

Type of work team that operates without a manager and is responsible for a complete work process or segment

Answer 43

Self-managed work team

Question 44

a work team composed of individuals from various functional specialties.

Answer 44

Cross-functional

Question 45

a type of work team that uses technology to link physically dispersed members in order to achieve a common goal

Answer 45

Virtual team

Question 46

Effective work teams

Answer 46

Clear goals, relevant skills, mutual trust, unified commitment, good communication, negotiating skills, appropriate leadership, internal and external support