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BA 101 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Organizational Behavior

A

study of actions of people at work

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2
Q

three major areas of OB

A

Individual, group behavior, organizational aspects

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3
Q

Area which looks at attitudes, personality, perception, learning, motivation (psychologists)

A

individual behavior

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4
Q

Area which includes norms, roles, team building, leadership, and conflict (sociologists)

A

group behavior

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5
Q

Area which includes structure, culture, and HR policies and practices

A

organizational aspects

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6
Q

Goals of organizational behavior

A

explain, predict, influence behavior

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7
Q

Employee productivity

A

performance measure of efficiency and effectiveness

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8
Q

failure to show up for work

A

absenteeism

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9
Q

turnover

A

voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization

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10
Q

Organizational Citizenship Behavior

A

discretionary behavior that’s not an employee’s formal job requirements but promotes effective functioning of an organization

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11
Q

Job Satisfaction

A

general attitude toward a job

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12
Q

Workplace misbehavior

A

intentional behavior that is potentially harmful to the organization (deviance, aggression, antisocial behavior, violence)

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13
Q

Attitudes

A

evaluative statements concerning objects, people or events

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14
Q

components of attitudes

A

cognition, affect, behavior

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15
Q

cognitive component

A

beliefs, opinions, knowledge, or information

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16
Q

affective component

A

emotional or feeling part

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17
Q

behavioral component

A

intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something

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18
Q

Job Involvement

A

degree to which an employee identifies with his job

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19
Q

Organizational Commitment

A

degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization

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20
Q

Perceived Organizational Support

A

belief that their organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being

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21
Q

Employee engagement

A

being connected, satisfied with, and enthusiastic about one’s job

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22
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

incompatibility or inconsistency between attitudes and behaviors

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23
Q

Attitude surveys

A

surveys that elicit responses from employees through questions about how they feel about their jobs

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24
Q

Personality

A

unique combination of emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how a person reqcts to situations and interacts with others

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25
MBTI
Myers Briggs Type Indicator
26
Big Five Model
personality trait model which includes Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional staibility, Openness to experience
27
Extraversion
degree to which someone is sociable, talkative, comfortable in relationships with others
28
Agreeableness
degree to which someone is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting
29
Conscientiousness
degree to which someone is reliable, responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented
30
Emotional staibility
degree to which someone is calm, enthusiastic, and secure or tense, nervous, depressed
31
Openness to experience
degree to which someone has a wide range of interests and is imaginative
32
Locus of control
extent to which people believe they control their own fate internal - people believe they control their own destiny external - people believe their lives are controlled by outside forces
33
Machiavellianism
degree to which a person is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believe that ends justify the means
34
Self-Esteem
degree to which a person likes or dislikes himself
35
Self-Monitoring
ability to adjust behavior to external factors
36
Risk-taking
willingness to take chances
37
Proactive Personality
people who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until change occurs
38
Resilience
individual's ability to overcome challenges and turn them into opportunities
39
Emotions
intense feelings that are directed at someone or something
40
Six universal emotions
anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise, happiness
41
Emotional Intelligence
ability to notice and to manage emotional cues and information
42
Five dimensions of EI
Self-awareness, self-management, self-motivation, empathy, social skills
43
John Holland
an employees satisfaction with his job as well as likelihood of leaving depends on the degree to which his personality matches the job environment
44
Holland's Personality-Job Fit
Realistic - prefers physical activities Investigative- prefers thinking activities Social - prefers activities that involve helping others Conventional - prefers rule-regulated activities Enterprising- prefers verbal activities that offer opportunities to influence others Artistic- prefers ambiguous activities
45
Perception
process by which we give meaning to our environment by organizing and interpreting sensory impressions
46
Factors that influence perception
perceiver, target, situation
47
Attribution theory
when we observe an individual's behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused
48
3 factors of Attribution theory
Distinctiveness, consensus, consistency
49
Fundamental Attribution Error
tendency to overestimate internal factors and underestimate external factors
50
Self-serving bias
tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors
51
Assumed similarity
assumption that others are like oneself
52
stereotyping
judging a person on the basis of one's perception of a group to which he belongs
53
Halo effect
general impression on an individual based on a single characteristic
54
Learning
relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience
55
Operant conditioning
behavior is a function of its consequences
56
Social Learning Theory
view that we can learn both through observation and direct experience
57
People learn from a model when they are attractive or seen similar
Attentional processes
58
influence depends on how well the individual remembers the model's action
retentional processes
59
individual can actually do the modeled activities
Motor reproduction processes
60
individuals will be motivated to exhibit the behavior if positive incentives are provided
Reinforcement processes
61
Shaping Behavior
process of guiding learning in graduated steps through reinforcement or lack of reinforcement
62
rewarding a response by eliminating something unpleasant
negative reinforcement
63
penalizing undesirable behavior
punishment
64
eliminating any reinforcement that is maintaining a behavior
extinction

BA 101 (2 decks)

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