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Hazmat > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

Spill control tactics confine a hazardous material that has been released from its container.

A

Spill control

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2
Q

Control actions involving spills are generally defensive in nature.

A

Control actions

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3
Q

To prevent further contamination, responders should use spill control to confine the hazardous material after its release.

A

spill control

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4
Q

Some spill control tactics such as neutralization and dispersion minimize the amount of harm that contact with the material causes.

A

neutralization

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5
Q

Control - To contain, confine, neutralize, or extinguish a hazardous material or its vapor.

A

Control

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6
Q

Confinement - The process of controlling the flow of a spill and capturing it at some specified location

A

Confinement.

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7
Q

Neutralization - Chemical reaction in water in which an acid and base react quantitatively with each other until there are no excess hydrogen or hydroxide ions remaining in the solution.

A

Neutralization

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8
Q

Personnel perform blanketing or covering to prevent dispersion of hazardous materials.

A

dispersion

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9
Q

Dam - Actions to prevent or limit the flow of a liquid or sludge past a certain area.

A

Dam

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10
Q

Dike - Actions using raised embankments or other barriers to prevent movement of liquids or sludges to another area.

A

Dike

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11
Q

Divert - Actions to direct and control movement of a liquid or sludge to an area that will produce less harm.

A

Divert

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12
Q

Retain - Actions to contain liquid or sludge in an area where it can be absorbed, neutralized, or removed.

A

Retain

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13
Q

Vapor suppression - Action taken to reduce the emission of vapors at a hazardous materials spill.

A

Vapor suppression

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14
Q

Vapor dispersion - Action taken to direct or influence the course of airborne hazardous materials.

A

Vapor dispersion

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15
Q

Dams can be constructed to trap materials that are lighter or heavier than water, depending on their specific gravity.

A

specific gravity

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16
Q

Vapor dispersion uses pressurized water streams from hoselines or unattended master streams.

A

Vapor dispersion

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17
Q

Ventilation - Systematic removal of heated air, smoke, gases, or other airborne contaminants from a structure and replacing them with cooler and or fresher air to reduce damage and facilitate fire fighting operations.

A

Ventilation

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18
Q

When conducting negative pressure ventilation, personnel should ensure the fans and other ventilators are compatible with the atmosphere where they are being operated.

A

negative pressure

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19
Q

Personnel usually use dispersion agents on hydrocarbon spills.

A

hydrocarbon

20
Q

Dilution - Application of water to a water soluble material to reduce the hazard.

A

Dilution

21
Q

Leak control tactics are used to contain the product in its original container, preventing it from escaping.

A

Leak control

22
Q

A leak involves the physical breach in a container through which product escapes.

A

leak

23
Q

Leak control is often referred to as containment.

A

containment

24
Q

The type of container involved, the type of breach, and properties of the material determine tactics and task relating to leak control.

A

tactics and task

25
Q

Containment - The act of stopping the further release of a material form its container.

A

Containment

26
Q

Remote valves can be closed to stop a material from flowing in pipelines or piping.

A

Remote

27
Q

Flammable and combustible liquids are Class B materials, water is ineffective extinguishing agent.

A

B

28
Q

Controlling Vapors is a priority at flammable and combustible liquid spills.

A

Vapors

29
Q

Before using foam concentrates, responders must proportion and aerate all foam concentrates.

A

proportion and aerate

30
Q

Mechanical foam concentrates are divided into two general categories based on the classification of fuels for which they are effective.

A

Mechanical

31
Q

Concentrates designed solely for hydrocarbon fires will not extinguish polar solvent.

A

polar solvent

32
Q

To produce high quality foam, four elements are necessary: foam concentrate, water, air, and mechanical agitation.

A

mechanical agitation

33
Q

Aeration produces adequate foam bubbles to form an effective foam blanket.

A

Aeration

34
Q

After identifying a flammable or combustible liquid, you can follow the foam recommendations in the orange guide in the ERG to determine what type of foam to use.

A

orange

35
Q

Emulsifiers are foam concentrates that are used with either class A or Class B fires.

A

Emulsifiers

36
Q

Unlike finished foam that blankets the fuel, an emulsifier mixes with the fuel, breaking it into small droplets and encapsulating them.

A

emulsifier

37
Q

Only use emulsifiers with fuels that are 1 inch deep or less.

A

1 inch

38
Q

Foam quality is measured in terms of its 25 % drainage time and its expansion ratio.

A

25 %

39
Q

Drainage time - Is the time required for one-fourth of the finished foam that results from a unit volume of foam solution.

A

Drainage time

40
Q

The greater the expansion ratio is, the thicker the foam blanket can be developed.

A

expansion ratio

41
Q

Air aspirating nozzles produce a larger expansion ratio than water fog nozzles.

A

Air aspirating

42
Q

If initial water streams are inadequate to cool both the pressurized tank and exposures, give priority to the involved container.

A

involved

43
Q

During incidents involving flammable liquid storage tanks, operations level responders should maintain a defensible distance.

A

operations level

44
Q

Foam, dry chemical, and water are common extinguishing agents for flammable liquids.

A

water

45
Q

The change from a liquid to a gas in the confined space increases the internal pressure on the vessel.

A

internal pressure

46
Q

The most common cause of Bleve is when flames contact the tank shell above the liquid level and the tank shell itself has overheated.

A

liquid

Hazmat (15 decks)

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