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Chemistry > Chapter 13 - Metals > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Metals Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four common metals

A

Aluminium, copper, iron and zinc

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2
Q

5 uses of aluminium

A

Make drink cans, wrapping foil, cooking utensils, aircraft body,electrical overhead cables

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3
Q

which 3 properties makes aluminium suitable for making drink cans

A

Light, malleable, corrosion proof

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4
Q

which 2 properties makes aluminium suitable for making wrapping foil

A

Good conductor of heat and malleable

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5
Q

which 1 property of aluminium makes aluminium suitable for making cooking utensils

A

Good conductor of heat

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6
Q

which 3 properties make aluminium suitable for making aircraft bodies.

A

Light, corrosion proof, strong

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7
Q

which 2 properties make aluminium suitable for making electric overhead cables.

A

Light and good conductor of electricity

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8
Q

what are two uses of copper metal

A

Electrical appliances like wiring and cooking utensils

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9
Q

what are 3 properties of copper that makes it suitable to make electrical appliances like wiring

A

Ductile,malleable,and good conductor of electricity

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10
Q

what is the one property of copper that makes it suitable to make cooking utensils

A

Good conductor of heat

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11
Q

what are the 3 uses of iron

A

Make other alloys like steel, makes compounds for dyes and human body supplements

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12
Q

what are the 2 Propeties of iron that makes it suitable to make other alloys like steel

A

Cheap and its alloys formed are strong

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13
Q

what is the 1 property of iron that makes it suitable to make other coloured compounds like dyes

A

It’s compounds are usually coloured and have colouring properties

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14
Q

what is the uses of zinc

A

Galvanising iron roofs

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14
Q

what is the 1 property of iron that makes iron suitable to make human body supplements

A

Helps increase haemoglobin level in body

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15
Q

what is the 2 properties of zinc that makes it suitable to be made into galvanisers for iron roofs

A

It is more reactive , will corrode in place of the iron pipe

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16
Q

what three things go into the blast furnace

A

Coke (carbon)
Hematite (iron three oxide)
Limestone ( calcium carbonate)

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17
Q

what is the use of slag outside of the blast furnace

A

Makes roads

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18
Q

why is it easy to remove slag from the mixture of iron

A

Slag is less dense than iron so it floats, making it easy to remove to get the iron out

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19
Q

how does slag ensure pure iron is given out when in the blast furnace

A

The flag prevents the iron from oxidising again

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20
Q

what is the reaction temperature in the blast furnace

A

1600 degree celcius

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21
Q

chemical formula for slag

A

CaSiO3

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22
Q

which is removed first from the top outlet slag or iron and why

A

Slag is removed first as it is less dense than iron and floats on top of it .

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23
Q

first equation for blast furnace

A

C + O2 = CO2

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24
Q

second equation for blast furnace

A

C + CO2 = CO

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25
Q

third equation for blast furnace

A

CaCO3 = CaO + CO2

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26
Q

fourth equation for blast furnace

A

CaO + SiO2 = CaSiO3

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27
Q

fifth equation for blast furnace

A

Fe2O3 + 3CO = 2Fe + 3CO2

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28
Q

which 2 properties makes aluminium suitable for making wrapping foil

A

Good inductor of heat and malleable

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29
Q

the explanation for the first equation in the blast furnace process

A

Coke reacts with oxygen gas in the hot air that is pumped into the blast furnace to form carbon dioxide

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30
Q

the explanation for the second equation in the blast furnace process

A

Carbon dioxide then reacts with further coke to form carbon monoxide as it is reduced due to incomplete combustion. Forming slag.

31
Q

the explanation for the thirst equation in the blast furnace process

A

Limestone is added to remove acidic impurities found in hematite, it decomposes when heated to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide

32
Q

the explanation for the fourth equation in the blast furnace process

A

Main impurities in hematite, sand SiO2 reacts with the calcium oxide to form a stable compound slag, CaSiO3 which floats above molten iron and can be easily removed

33
Q

the explanation for the fifth equation in the blast furnace process

A

CO is the main reducing agent that reduces reduced Fe2O3 to become Fe in its purest form.

34
Q

what are the three stell alloys

A

Mild steel , tough steel and stainless steel

35
Q

what is mild steel made up of

A

Iron and carbon

36
Q

what is the impurity in haematite

A

Sand (SiO2)

37
Q

what is the main reducing agent in the blast furnace

A

CO

38
Q

what is tough steel made up of

A

Iron and carbon

39
Q

what is stainless stell made up of

A

Iron and carbon and nickel and chromium

40
Q

2 things made from mild steel

A

Car bodies and structural steel

41
Q

2 things made from the tough steel

A

Tools and files

42
Q

2 things made from the stainless steel

A

Cutlery, surgical instruments

43
Q

3 properties that make mild steel suitable to make things

A

Cheap, strong and malleable

44
Q

2 properties that make tough steel suitable to make things

A

Very hard and strong

45
Q

2 properties that make stainless steel suitable to make things

A

Strong and corrosion proof

46
Q

what are the two copper alloys

A

Bronze and brass

47
Q

what is bronze made up of

A

Copper and tin

48
Q

what is brass made up of

A

Copper and zinc

49
Q

what is the two uses of bronze

A

Church bells, sculptures

50
Q

what is two uses of brass

A

Ornaments , Taps and musical instruments

51
Q

what is the two properties of bronze that makes them suitable to make things

A

Tough and strong

52
Q

what is the two properties of brass that makes them suitable to make things

A

Corrosion proof and attractive

53
Q

what are the two conditions rusting

A

Oxygen and water

54
Q

what are two facts about rusting

A

Rusting happens faster in salt water and boiled water contains no air

55
Q

what are the three methods to prevent rusting

A

Coating, sacrificial protection and alloying

56
Q

what are four thigs you can coat with

A

Painting, oil/greasing , plastic coating and metal plating

57
Q

what does painting, oil/greasing, plastic coating do

A

Coat with a protective layer

58
Q

wat does metal plating do

A

Coat with more reactive metal

59
Q

which coating is cheaper

A

Coating with a protective layer

60
Q

what is an method of sacrificial protection

A

Galvanising

61
Q

what are two examples of galvanising

A

Coating iron with zinc and attaching iron to magnesium

62
Q

example of alloying

A

Allow chromium and nickel to steel to are rust proof stainless steel

63
Q

2 things that can be painted to prevent rusting

A

Bridges and ships

64
Q

1 thing that can be oil/greased to prevent rusting

A

Machinery

65
Q

2 things that can be plastic coated to prevent rusting

A

Paper clips and wires

66
Q

1 thing that can be metal plated to prevent rusting

A

Food cans

67
Q

1 thing that can be (coat fe with Zn)

A

Roofing material

68
Q

1 thing that can be (attach Fe to Mg)

A

Steel pipes

69
Q

3 advantages of recycling

A
  • saves costs needed to extract new metals from their ores
  • saves cost of dumping in landfills
  • lesser water metals to be dumped, less pollution of soil and water
70
Q

3 disadvantage of recycling

A
  • expensive to collect sort and transport the metals
  • recycling process may form air pollutants
  • the less valuable metals that are on abundance will be thrown away and pollute soil and water
71
Q

Define alloy

A

An alloy is an mixture of a metal with one or a few other elements

72
Q

Define Recycling

A

Reusing waste materials to make usable products

73
Q

why are alloys stronger and harder than pure metals

A

In pure metals, layers of atoms are of same size and in orderly arrangements, therefore more solve between the gaps and can slide past one another therefore pure metals are weaker.
In alloys, layers of atoms are of different sizes and orderly arrangement Is disrupted, so lesser between gaps and cannot slide paste each other easily, therefore alloys are stronger

74
Q

what happens when zinc meatal is placed in copper 2 chloride solution

A
  • blue solution turns colourless and pinkish brown deposits can be found on metal bar
  • zinc is more reactive than copper therefore it can displace copper from copper two chloride
75
Q

what happens if copper metal is placed in zinc chloride solution.

A
  • no visible reaction , solution remains colourless
  • copper is less reactive than zinc so it cannot displace zinc from zinc two chloride

Chemistry (19 decks)

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