Chapter 13 - Metals

Question 1

what are the four common metals

Answer 1

Aluminium, copper, iron and zinc

Question 2

5 uses of aluminium

Answer 2

Make drink cans, wrapping foil, cooking utensils, aircraft body,electrical overhead cables

Question 3

which 3 properties makes aluminium suitable for making drink cans

Answer 3

Light, malleable, corrosion proof

Question 4

which 2 properties makes aluminium suitable for making wrapping foil

Answer 4

Good conductor of heat and malleable

Question 5

which 1 property of aluminium makes aluminium suitable for making cooking utensils

Answer 5

Good conductor of heat

Question 6

which 3 properties make aluminium suitable for making aircraft bodies.

Answer 6

Light, corrosion proof, strong

Question 7

which 2 properties make aluminium suitable for making electric overhead cables.

Answer 7

Light and good conductor of electricity

Question 8

what are two uses of copper metal

Answer 8

Electrical appliances like wiring and cooking utensils

Question 9

what are 3 properties of copper that makes it suitable to make electrical appliances like wiring

Answer 9

Ductile,malleable,and good conductor of electricity

Question 10

what is the one property of copper that makes it suitable to make cooking utensils

Answer 10

Good conductor of heat

Question 11

what are the 3 uses of iron

Answer 11

Make other alloys like steel, makes compounds for dyes and human body supplements

Question 12

what are the 2 Propeties of iron that makes it suitable to make other alloys like steel

Answer 12

Cheap and its alloys formed are strong

Question 13

what is the 1 property of iron that makes it suitable to make other coloured compounds like dyes

Answer 13

It’s compounds are usually coloured and have colouring properties

Question 14

what is the uses of zinc

Answer 14

Galvanising iron roofs

Question 14

what is the 1 property of iron that makes iron suitable to make human body supplements

Answer 14

Helps increase haemoglobin level in body

Question 15

what is the 2 properties of zinc that makes it suitable to be made into galvanisers for iron roofs

Answer 15

It is more reactive , will corrode in place of the iron pipe

Question 16

what three things go into the blast furnace

Answer 16

Coke (carbon)
Hematite (iron three oxide)
Limestone ( calcium carbonate)

Question 17

what is the use of slag outside of the blast furnace

Answer 17

Makes roads

Question 18

why is it easy to remove slag from the mixture of iron

Answer 18

Slag is less dense than iron so it floats, making it easy to remove to get the iron out

Question 19

how does slag ensure pure iron is given out when in the blast furnace

Answer 19

The flag prevents the iron from oxidising again

Question 20

what is the reaction temperature in the blast furnace

Answer 20

1600 degree celcius

Question 21

chemical formula for slag

Answer 21

CaSiO3

Question 22

which is removed first from the top outlet slag or iron and why

Answer 22

Slag is removed first as it is less dense than iron and floats on top of it .

Question 23

first equation for blast furnace

Answer 23

C + O2 = CO2

Question 24

second equation for blast furnace

Answer 24

C + CO2 = CO

Question 25

third equation for blast furnace

Answer 25

CaCO3 = CaO + CO2

Question 26

fourth equation for blast furnace

Answer 26

CaO + SiO2 = CaSiO3

Question 27

fifth equation for blast furnace

Answer 27

Fe2O3 + 3CO = 2Fe + 3CO2

Question 28

which 2 properties makes aluminium suitable for making wrapping foil

Answer 28

Good inductor of heat and malleable

Question 29

the explanation for the first equation in the blast furnace process

Answer 29

Coke reacts with oxygen gas in the hot air that is pumped into the blast furnace to form carbon dioxide

Question 30

the explanation for the second equation in the blast furnace process

Answer 30

Carbon dioxide then reacts with further coke to form carbon monoxide as it is reduced due to incomplete combustion. Forming slag.

Question 31

the explanation for the thirst equation in the blast furnace process

Answer 31

Limestone is added to remove acidic impurities found in hematite, it decomposes when heated to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide

Question 32

the explanation for the fourth equation in the blast furnace process

Answer 32

Main impurities in hematite, sand SiO2 reacts with the calcium oxide to form a stable compound slag, CaSiO3 which floats above molten iron and can be easily removed

Question 33

the explanation for the fifth equation in the blast furnace process

Answer 33

CO is the main reducing agent that reduces reduced Fe2O3 to become Fe in its purest form.

Question 34

what are the three stell alloys

Answer 34

Mild steel , tough steel and stainless steel

Question 35

what is mild steel made up of

Answer 35

Iron and carbon

Question 36

what is the impurity in haematite

Answer 36

Sand (SiO2)

Question 37

what is the main reducing agent in the blast furnace

Answer 37

CO

Question 38

what is tough steel made up of

Answer 38

Iron and carbon

Question 39

what is stainless stell made up of

Answer 39

Iron and carbon and nickel and chromium

Question 40

2 things made from mild steel

Answer 40

Car bodies and structural steel

Question 41

2 things made from the tough steel

Answer 41

Tools and files

Question 42

2 things made from the stainless steel

Answer 42

Cutlery, surgical instruments

Question 43

3 properties that make mild steel suitable to make things

Answer 43

Cheap, strong and malleable

Question 44

2 properties that make tough steel suitable to make things

Answer 44

Very hard and strong

Question 45

2 properties that make stainless steel suitable to make things

Answer 45

Strong and corrosion proof

Question 46

what are the two copper alloys

Answer 46

Bronze and brass

Question 47

what is bronze made up of

Answer 47

Copper and tin

Question 48

what is brass made up of

Answer 48

Copper and zinc

Question 49

what is the two uses of bronze

Answer 49

Church bells, sculptures

Question 50

what is two uses of brass

Answer 50

Ornaments , Taps and musical instruments

Question 51

what is the two properties of bronze that makes them suitable to make things

Answer 51

Tough and strong

Question 52

what is the two properties of brass that makes them suitable to make things

Answer 52

Corrosion proof and attractive

Question 53

what are the two conditions rusting

Answer 53

Oxygen and water

Question 54

what are two facts about rusting

Answer 54

Rusting happens faster in salt water and boiled water contains no air

Question 55

what are the three methods to prevent rusting

Answer 55

Coating, sacrificial protection and alloying

Question 56

what are four thigs you can coat with

Answer 56

Painting, oil/greasing , plastic coating and metal plating

Question 57

what does painting, oil/greasing, plastic coating do

Answer 57

Coat with a protective layer

Question 58

wat does metal plating do

Answer 58

Coat with more reactive metal

Question 59

which coating is cheaper

Answer 59

Coating with a protective layer

Question 60

what is an method of sacrificial protection

Answer 60

Galvanising

Question 61

what are two examples of galvanising

Answer 61

Coating iron with zinc and attaching iron to magnesium

Question 62

example of alloying

Answer 62

Allow chromium and nickel to steel to are rust proof stainless steel

Question 63

2 things that can be painted to prevent rusting

Answer 63

Bridges and ships

Question 64

1 thing that can be oil/greased to prevent rusting

Answer 64

Machinery

Question 65

2 things that can be plastic coated to prevent rusting

Answer 65

Paper clips and wires

Question 66

1 thing that can be metal plated to prevent rusting

Answer 66

Food cans

Question 67

1 thing that can be (coat fe with Zn)

Answer 67

Roofing material

Question 68

1 thing that can be (attach Fe to Mg)

Answer 68

Steel pipes

Question 69

3 advantages of recycling

Answer 69

- saves costs needed to extract new metals from their ores - saves cost of dumping in landfills - lesser water metals to be dumped, less pollution of soil and water

Question 70

3 disadvantage of recycling

Answer 70

- expensive to collect sort and transport the metals - recycling process may form air pollutants - the less valuable metals that are on abundance will be thrown away and pollute soil and water

Question 71

Define alloy

Answer 71

An alloy is an mixture of a metal with one or a few other elements

Question 72

Define Recycling

Answer 72

Reusing waste materials to make usable products

Question 73

why are alloys stronger and harder than pure metals

Answer 73

In pure metals, layers of atoms are of same size and in orderly arrangements, therefore more solve between the gaps and can slide past one another therefore pure metals are weaker. In alloys, layers of atoms are of different sizes and orderly arrangement Is disrupted, so lesser between gaps and cannot slide paste each other easily, therefore alloys are stronger

Question 74

what happens when zinc meatal is placed in copper 2 chloride solution

Answer 74

- blue solution turns colourless and pinkish brown deposits can be found on metal bar - zinc is more reactive than copper therefore it can displace copper from copper two chloride

Question 75

what happens if copper metal is placed in zinc chloride solution.

Answer 75

- no visible reaction , solution remains colourless - copper is less reactive than zinc so it cannot displace zinc from zinc two chloride