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Chemistry > Chapter 17 - the atmosphere and environment > Flashcards

Chapter 17 - the atmosphere and environment Flashcards

1
Q

what is the percentage of nitrogen in air

A

78%

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2
Q

where to get nitrogen from

A

Fractional distillation of liquid air

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3
Q

what are the uses of nitrogen

A

Make ammonia
Preserve food

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4
Q

what is percentage of oxygen in air

A

21%

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5
Q

where to get oxygen from

A

Fractional distillation of liquid air
Decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

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6
Q

what are the uses of oxygen

A

Breathing/ oxygen tanks, combustion of things, welding/ making steel

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7
Q

what are the percentage of other gases (mainly argon) in the air

A

1%

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8
Q

where to get other gases (mainly argon) from

A

Fractional distillation of liquid air

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9
Q

what are the uses of other gases (mainly argon)

A

Welding/ making steel, fill light bulbs, provide an inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation of steel

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10
Q

what is the percentage of carbon dioxide in the air

A

0.03%

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11
Q

where to get carbon dioxide from

A

Decomposition of metal carbonates and combustion of fuels

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12
Q

what is the uses of carbon dioxide

A

Photosynthesis and fill fire extinguishers

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13
Q

what is the acronym to remember the pollutant gases

A

cant stop oxidising me and u

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14
Q

what are the pollutants

A

Carbon monoxide
sulfur dioxide
oxides of nitrogen
methane
unburnt hydrocarbons

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15
Q

man made sources of Carbon monoxide

A

-incomplete combustion of petrol in car engines
-incomplete combustion of fossil fuels

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16
Q

natural sources of Carbon monoxide

A
  • forest fires
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17
Q

effects on human health due to Carbon monoxide

A

-is a colourless and poisonous gas that reacts with haemoglobin in blood to form carboxyhaemoglobins that prevent transportation of oxygen around the body causing death by suffocation

18
Q

reduce the effects of Carbon monoxide

A

Ensure combustion of fuels and fossils fuels in complete
Fix catalytic converters in cars to oxidase the carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide

19
Q

man made sources of sulfur dioxide

A

Combustion of fuels containing soulful like coal in factories

20
Q

natural sources of sulfur dioxide

A

-volcanic eruptions

21
Q

effects on environment due to sulfur dioxide

A

Forms acid rain that corrodes buildings and affects aquatic life and plants.

22
Q

effects on human health due to sulfur dioxide

A

Irritates eyes and causes breathing problems

23
Q

reduce the effects of sulfur dioxide

A

Burn less fuels with suffuse like coal

24
Q

manmade sources of oxides of nitrogen

A

Combustion of fuels in cars at high temperature

25
Q

natural sources of oxides of nitrogen

A

Lightning activity

26
Q

effects on environment due to oxides of nitrogen

A

Forms acids rain that corrodes buildings and harms plants and aquatic life

27
Q

effects on human health due to oxides of nitrogen

A

Causes lung damage

28
Q

reduce the effects of oxides of nitrogen

A

Fix catalytic converters in cars to reduce nitrogen monoxide to nitrogen gas.

29
Q

natural sources of methane

A

Decay of plants and animals by bacterial action

30
Q

effects on environment due to methane

A

Is a green house gas that causes global warming

31
Q

man made sources of unburnt hydrocarbons

A

Incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons in petrol

32
Q

effects on human health due o unburnt hydrocarbons

A

Causes cancer

33
Q

effects on the environment due to unburnt hydrocarbons

A

Reacts with oxides of nitrogen to form smog and ozone

34
Q

reduce the effects of unburnt hydrocarbons

A

Ensure combustion of hydrocarbons in petrol is complete
Fix catalytic converters to oxidase unburnt hydrocarbons to carbon dioxide and water

35
Q

effects of acid rain

A

Corrodes buildings
Increases acidity of water harming aquatic life
Increases acidity of soil harming crops

36
Q

reducing the effects of acid rain

A

Reduce acidity with slaked lime
Burn fuels with less soulful like coal
Put catalytic converters in cars to reduce soulful dioxide and oxides of nitrogen

37
Q

effects of global warming

A

Polar ice caps melt increasing water level and causing floods in countries

38
Q

harmful gas given put in catalytic converters

A

Carbon dioxide which is a green house gas that traps heat and cause global warming

39
Q

2 alterative fuels

A

Ethanol mixed with petrol and biogas

40
Q

advantages of using ethanol fuel

A

Less polluting compared to pure petrol and renewable resource

Chemistry (19 decks)

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