CHAPTER 13: PLATE TECTONICS

Question 1

Folding and faulting of earths crust is called?

Answer 1

Diastrophism\

Question 2

Plate tectonics is…

Answer 2

how plates move over surface

Question 3

Supercontinent name was…

Answer 3

Pangaea

Question 4

Ocean that surrounded Pangaea?

Answer 4

Panthalassic Ocean

Question 5

Who had the theory of Continental Drift?

Answer 5

Alfred Wegener

Question 6

5 pieces of Wegeners evidence

Answer 6

1. Shapes of continents
2. Petrologic evidence
3. Mountain Belts
4. Palaeontology
5. glaciated continents

Question 7

Why was continental drift theory rejected? (2)

Answer 7

1. too rigid to permit such large movements

2. didn’t offer a suitable mechanism that could displace such large masses

Question 8

When was Continental Drift theory rejected?

Answer 8

1920

Question 9

Evidence for Plate tectonic theory (3)

Answer 9

1. Detailed map of sea floor
2. Plate Boundaries
3. Seafloor spreading

Question 10

Evidence for seafloor spreading (2)

Answer 10

1. paleomagnetism

2. age of ocean floors

Question 11

What is paleomagnetism?

Answer 11

magnetic polarity several, as lava hardens, iron particles record location of magnetic north

Question 12

Margins of plates are clalled…

Answer 12

Plate boundaries

Question 13

How do we know where plate boundaries are? (2)

Answer 13

1. Earthquake activity

2. earthquakes are not randomly distributed but occur in geographic patterns that outline lithospheric plates

Question 14

Plates move by…. which currents?

Answer 14

Convection currents

Question 15

3 ways plates move

Answer 15

1. Ridge push
2. Mantle drag
3. Slab pull

Question 16

What makes up for 90% of plate movement?

Answer 16

Slab pull

Question 17

Which are the fastest moving plates?

Answer 17

Pacific and Nazca Plate

Question 18

Mid-atlantic ridge moves how many cm per year

Answer 18

1 cm/yr

Question 19

Pacific Antarctic ridge moves how many cm/yr

Answer 19

10cm/yr

Question 20

Land masses were created how many years ago?

Answer 20

4 billion

Question 21

Do continents grow continuously?

Answer 21

YESSSS

Question 22

What are accreted terranes?

Answer 22

Instead of being subjected and recycled, terrane is too buoyant and uses instead… ex. warngellia terrane

Question 23

What are passive contenental margins?

Answer 23

No recent activity, oceanic and continental crust same lithospheric plate

Question 24

What are active continental margins?

Answer 24

Deep oceanic trenches, alpine belt

Question 25

3 ways plate boundaries move

Answer 25

1. divergence 2. convergence 3. transform

Question 26

Divergence is most common with..

Answer 26

sea floor spreading

Question 27

Convergence is common with...

Answer 27

Oceanic/Continentall, ocean/ocean, continental/continental COMPRESSION

Question 28

The great Rift Valley is an example of...

Answer 28

divergence plate movement

Question 29

Great African Rift Valley is an example of...

Answer 29

divergence plate movement

Question 30

Midocean ridges are an example of...

Answer 30

divergence plate movement

Question 31

Oceanic plates are thinner and denser tthan

Answer 31

continental plates

Question 32

pacific ring of fire is an example of...

Answer 32

convergence oceanic/contenintal

Question 33

Oceanic/oceanic convergence causes

Answer 33

oceanic trenches

Question 34

Himalaya mountains are an example of...minor subduction occurs

Answer 34

convergence continental/continental

Question 35

in transform plate boundaries, the plate...

Answer 35

slide against eachother

Question 36

Transform plate boundaries commonly produce what earthquakes

Answer 36

shallow focus

Question 37

The san Andreas fault is an example of...

Answer 37

transform plate boundry

Question 38

What is mantle plume?

Answer 38

mostly stationary column of hot rock that extends from deep in mantle up to base of lithosphere

Question 39

Hawaii is an example of a

Answer 39

hot spot

Question 40

Guyots are

Answer 40

crustal motion over a hotspot produces a long trail of islands

Question 41

Hot spot tracks are...

Answer 41

lines of inactive volcanoes in ocean basins

Question 42

Yellowstone is an example of...

Answer 42

Hot spot

Question 43

folding occurs most often when plates are

Answer 43

converging in regions of subduction and collision

Question 44

Folding produces highs and lows called...

Answer 44

Anticline (top) | syncline (bottom)

Question 45

inverted topography happens when...

Answer 45

folded rock is eroded, can result in sycline ride anticline valley... happened in Hancock

Question 46

Zones of weakness in the crust are called

Answer 46

Faultzones

Question 47

Convergence movement results in what fault

Answer 47

Reverse fault

Question 48

Divergence movement results in what fault

Answer 48

Normal fault

Question 49

transform movement results in

Answer 49

strike-slip fault

Question 50

Fauting is

Answer 50

rocks breaking accompanied by displacement

Question 51

Garben and Horst

Answer 51

regions that lie between normal faults and are either higher

Question 52

The East African Rift Valley is a graben or scarp

Answer 52

GRABENNN

Question 53

Orogensis is

Answer 53

mountain building

Question 54

orogenic belt is

Answer 54

linear mountain range

Question 55

Longest mountain range in world

Answer 55

Andes

Question 56

Longest mountain range in North America

Answer 56

Rockies