Chapter 13 - Shock Flashcards
(31 cards)
Afterload
The force or resistance against which the heart pumps
Anaphylactic shock
Severe shock caused by an allergic reaction
Anaphylaxis
An extreme, life-threatening, systematic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure
Aneurysm
A swelling or enlargement of a part of an artery, resulting from weakening of the arterial wall
Autonomic nervous system
Part of the nervous system, that regulates involuntary activities of the body, such as heart rate, blood, pressure, and digestion of food
Cardiac tamponade
Compression of the heart, as the result of buildup of blood or other fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decrease cardiac output
Cardiogenic shock
A state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the heart. It can be a severe complication of a large, acute myocardial infraction, as well as other conditions.
Compensated shock
The early stage of shock, in which the boys can still compensate for blood loss
Cyanosis
A blue skin discoloration that is caused by a reduced level of oxygen in the blood. Although paleness, or a decrease in blood flow, can be difficult to detect in dark-skinned people, it may be observed by examining mucus membranes inside the inner lower eyelid and capillary refill. On general observation, the patient may appear ashen or gray
Decompensated shock
The late stage of shock when blood pressure is falling
Dehydration
Loss of water from the tissues of the body
Distributive shock
A condition that occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both
Edema
The presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells and body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area
Homeostasis
A balanced of all systems of the body
Hypothermia
A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F (35°C)
Hypovolemic shock
Air condition in which low blood volume, due to massive internal or external bleeding or extensive loss of body water, resulting in adequate perfusion
Irreversible shock
A condition defined by the inability to successfully achieve resuscitation regardless of the methods employed
Myocardial contractility
The body of the heart muscle to contract
Neurogenic shock
Circulatory failure caused by paralysis of the nerves that control the size of the blood vessels, leading to widespread dilation; seen in patient with spinal cord injuries
Obstructive shock
Shock that occur occurs when there is a block to blood flow in the heart or great vessels, causing an insufficient blood supply to the body’s tissues
Perfusion
The flow of blood through body tissue and vessels
Pericardial effusion
A collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium
Preload
The precontraction pressure in the heart as the volume of blood builds up
Psychogenic shock
Shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting (syncope)
