Chapter 13- Social Behavior Flashcards
(41 cards)
refers to observers’ bias in favor of internal attributions in explaining others’ behavior.
Fundamental Attribution Error
the tendency to attribute one’s successes to personal factors and one’s failures to situational factors.
Self-Serving Bias
proposes that males and female of approximately equal physical attractiveness are likely to select each other as partners.
The Matching Hypothesis
is a complete absorption in another that include tender sexual feelings and the agony and ectasy of intense emotion.
Passionate Love
warm, trusting, tolerant affection for another whose life is deeply intertwined with one’s own
Compassionate Love
people are less likely to provide needed help when they are in groups than when they are alone.
Bystander Effect
a reduction in effort by individuals when they work in groups as compared to when they work by themselves.
Social Loafing
occurs when group discussion strengthens a group’s dominant point of view and produces a shift toward a more extreme decision in that direction.
Group Polarization
occurs when members of a cohesive group emphasize concurrence at the expense of critical thinking in arriving at a decision.
Groupthink
refers to the strength of the liking relationships linking group members to each other and to the group itself.
Group Cohesiveness
the branch of psychology concerned with the way individuals’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others.
Social Psychology
the process of forming impressions of others
Person Perception
widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular groups.
Stereotypes
A group that one belongs to and identifies with
Ingroup
A group that one does not belong to or identify with.
Outgroup
involves putting personal goals ahead of group goals and defining on’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group memberships.
Individualism
involves putting group goals ahead of personal goals and defining on’s identity in terms of the groups one belongs to
Collectivism
Occurs when people estimate that they have encountered more confirmations of an association between social traits than they have actually seen.
Illusory Correlation
The first person to describe how people make attributions.
Fritz Heider
He concluded that people focus on the stability of the causes underlying behavior.
Bernard Weiner
A tendency to blame victims for their misfortune, so that one feels less likely to be victimized in a similar way.
Defensive Attribution
He said that cultural differences in individualism versus collectivism influence attributional tendencies as well as other aspects of social behavior.
Harry Triandis
Dating partners gradually modify their attitudes in ways that make them more congruent.
Attitude Allignment
They found that adults’ love relationships paralleled the three patterns of attachment seen in infants.
Hazan and Shaver
