Chapter 13: Social psychology Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is conformity?
the extent in which an individual modifies their behaviour to be consistent with those of the group
What is the Attribution Theory?
the framework used to explain the actions of others as a result to situational/dispositional causes
What two attributions do we use to interpret the actions of others?
Situational or dispositional
What 3 factors do we need to consider when making internal/external attributions?
consistency, distinctiveness and consensus
If an individual has a high consistency, low distinctiveness and low consensus, what attribution is this?
Internal
If an individual has a high consistency, high distinctiveness and high consensus, what attribution is this?
external
What is consistency?
when the behaviour of an individual in a given social situation is similar over time
What is distinctiveness?
When the behaviour of an individual is similar across different situations
What is consensus?
the extent to which an individual resembles the behaviours of other people or varies
What is the fundamental attribution error(FAE)?
the tendency to attribute someones’s behaviour to internal/dispostional causes rather than external/situational
What are exceptions of FAE?
less likely fall prey when we explain our own behaviour, the behaviour of people we know well, or when we put ourselves in other people’s shoes and are compassionate
What is an actor observer bias?
one attributes the cause to one’s own behaviour as external/situational factors and the cause of others to internal/dispostional factors
What is a self-serving bias?
when one attributes their successes to internal factors and failure sot external factors (helps preserve self -esteem)
What is the false consensus effect?
the overestimation regarding they extent that others share our beliefs
What is impression formation?
when a person formulate positive and negative opinions about another person or group
What is the primacy effect?
the initial information learned about another person has the strongest effect on impression formation which is more pronounced with the initial information is negative
What is a first impression?
the tendency for our first impressions of others to be rapid and enduring
What is confirmation bias?
tendency to pay attention to information consistent with one’s existing beliefs and ignore or discard information, inconsistent with their beliefs
What is a self-fulfilling prophency?
When our beliefs and assumptions come to reality because of our behaviours
What are social norms?
social rule that lets us know what is appropriate or not
What is a social script?
a step by step sequence we follow
What is a collectivist culture?
culture that places emphasis on the group than the individual
What is conformity?
extent to which individuals modify their behaviour to be consistent wth the group
What is normative social influence
when our thoughts and feelings are strongly influenced by the presence of others
