Chapter 14

Question 2

Everyone must understand how to communicate successfully and what causes communication failure. Most mistakes are tied to forgetting one of the five core communication principles. The five principles are: (14.2.)

Answer 2

focused, organized, clear, understanding, and supported

Question 3

Everyone must understand how to communicate successfully and what causes communication failure. Most mistakes are tied to forgetting one of the five core communication principles. The acronym that represents the five principles is _______. (14.2.)

Answer 3

FOCUS

Question 4

Most communication failures are tied to forgetting one of the five core communication principles. The five principles are focused, organized, clear, understanding, and supported. Focused means: (14.3.)

Answer 4

the sender has a clear idea of the intended audience and objective and stays on track

Question 5

The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Organized” means: (14.4.)

Answer 5

the material is presented in a logical, systematic manner

Question 6

The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Clear” means: (14.5.)

Answer 6

spell and pronounce words and assemble and punctuate sentences correctly; get to the point

Question 7

The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Understanding” means: (14.6.)

Answer 7

to understand the audience’s current knowledge, views, and interest level in the topic

Question 8

The five principles of successful communication are Focused, Organized, Clear, Understanding, and Supported. “Supported” means: (14.7.)

Answer 8

to use logic and support to make your point and build credibility

Question 9

In addition to the five principles of successful communication (FOCUS), the PDG recognizes seven steps to effective communication: Analyze purpose and audience, Research your topic, Support your ideas, Organize and outline and _______. (14.8.)

Answer 9

draft, edit, and fight for feedback

Question 10

The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication: Analyze Purpose and Audience, Research the Topic, Support your Ideas, Organize and Outline, Draft, Edit, and Fight for Feedback. The first four steps: (14.8.)

Answer 10

lay the groundwork for the drafting process

Question 11

The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication: Analyze Purpose and Audience, Research the Topic, Support your Ideas, Organize and Outline, Draft, Edit, and Fight for Feedback. The first step, Analyze Purpose and Audience, means: (14.9.)

Answer 11

to determine who the audience is and the purpose of the communication

Question 12

The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to: (14.9.1.)

Answer 12

direct, inform, persuade, or inspire

Question 13

The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which purpose describes the need to pass on clear, concise directions describing actions you expect to be carried out by your audience? (Fig 14.3.)

Answer 13

direct

Question 14

The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which purpose is the need to pass on accurate and adequate information tailored to the education and skill levels of the audience? (Fig 14.3.)

Answer 14

inform

Question 15

The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which purpose is trying to sell your audience on a new idea, new policy, new product, or change in operations? (Fig 14.3.)

Answer 15

persuade

Question 16

The purpose of most Air Force writing or speaking is to direct, inform, persuade, or inspire. Which of these purposes places emphasis on delivery, a thorough knowledge of your topic and likewise your audience? (Fig 14.3.)

Answer 16

inspire

Question 17

One way to make sure you are clear on your objective is to write a purpose statement. This statement is _______. (14.9.2.)

Answer 17

one sentence that captures the essence of what you are trying to do; your “bottom line”

Question 18

The first of seven steps to effective communication is Analyze Purpose and Audience. The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: (14.9.5.)

Answer 18

primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers

Question 19

The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The primary receiver: (14.9.5.1.)

Answer 19

is the person you directly communicate with, either verbally or in writing

Question 20

The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The secondary receiver: (14.9.5.2.)

Answer 20

is people you indirectly communicate with through the primary receivers

Question 21

The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The key decision makers: (14.9.5.3.)

Answer 21

are the most powerful members of the audience; the ones who make the decisions

Question 22

The PDG describes four subcategories of audience: primary receiver, secondary receiver, key decision makers, and gatekeepers. The gatekeepers: (14.9.5.4.)

Answer 22

are people who review communication before it reaches the intended audience

Question 23

The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication. The second step, Research the Topic, means to: (14.10.)

Answer 23

research your topic to uncover information that will support your communication goals

Question 24

The PDG lists seven steps to effective communication. The third step, Support your Ideas, means to _______. (14.11.)

Answer 24

figure out how to use what you have to meet your communication goals

Question 25

The third step to effective communication is “Support your Ideas”. Using the comments of recognized authorities to support your claim is known as _______. (14.11.2.)

Answer 25

testimony

Question 26

The fourth step to effective communication, Organize and Outline, means to: (14.12.)

Answer 26

select a pattern that presents ideas systematically and logically from start to finish

Question 27

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Some of the most common organization patterns are: (14.12.)

Answer 27

Topical, Compare or Contrast, Chronological, Sequential, Spatial or Geographical, Problem and Solution, Reasoning and Logic, and Cause and Effect

Question 28

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern would be used to to present groups of ideas, objects, or events by categories? (14.12.1.)

Answer 28

Topical

Question 29

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern should be used when you need to discuss similarities and differences between topics, concepts, or ideas? (14.12.2.)

Answer 29

Compare or Contrast

Question 30

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is appropriate to discuss events, problems, or processes in the sequence of time in which occurrences take place or should take place? (14.12.3.)

Answer 30

Chronological

Question 31

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is similar to the chronological pattern and is used to describe a sequence of steps necessary to complete a technical procedure or process? (14.12.4.)

Answer 31

Sequential

Question 32

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is based on a directional strategy -north to south, east to west, clockwise or counterclockwise, bottom to top, above and below? (14.12.5.)

Answer 32

Spatial or Geographical

Question 33

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern is used to identify and describe a problem and one or more possible solutions, or an issue and possible techniques for resolving the issue? (14.12.6.)

Answer 33

Problem and Solution

Question 34

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern should be used when your mission is to present research that will lead your audience down the path to your point of view? (14.12.7.)

Answer 34

Reasoning and Logic

Question 35

The fourth step to effective communication is Organize and Outline. Which organizational pattern should be used to show how one or more ideas, actions, or conditions lead to other ideas, actions, or conditions? (14.12.8.)

Answer 35

Cause and Effect

Question 36

The fifth of seven steps to effective communication is Prepare a Draft. A draft: (14.13.)

Answer 36

-is not a finished product-does not have to be polished and perfect-doesn't require perfect grammar, punctuation, spelling, or word choice

Question 37

A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. Which part captures your audience's attention, establishes rapport, and announces your purpose? (14.13.1.)

Answer 37

Introduction

Question 38

A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. A typical introduction has three components: (14.13.1.)

Answer 38

stage-setting remarks, a purpose statement, and an overview

Question 39

A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. Which part is the heart of your message and includes the main ideas about your subject and supporting details under each main idea? (14.13.2.)

Answer 39

Body

Question 40

A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. Which part summarizes the main points discussed in the body and leaves the reader with a sense of closure? (14.13.3.)

Answer 40

Conclusion

Question 41

A draft consists of a three-part structure: introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction and conclusion should balance each other without being _______. (14.13.3.)

Answer 41

identical

Question 42

Paragraphs are the primary vehicles for developing ideas. They: (14.13.4.1.)

Answer 42

-group related ideas into single units of thought-separate one unit of thought from another unit-alert readers the writer is shifting to another phase of the subject

Question 43

One way to make sure your paragraphs flow together is by using transitions. Internal transitions are used within a sentence to improve the flow, while external transitions are used: (14.13.6.)

Answer 43

to link separate paragraphs together within the body of the communication

Question 44

There are three considerations to make when drafting sentences: active voice, smothered verbs, and parallelism. Active voice is: (14.13.7.1.)

Answer 44

getting to the point quickly with fewer words

Question 45

There are three considerations to make when drafting sentences: active voice, smothered verbs, and parallelism. Smothered verbs are: (14.13.7.2.)

Answer 45

relying on general verbs that take extra words to complete their meaning

Question 46

There are three considerations to make when drafting sentences: active voice, smothered verbs, and parallelism. Parallelism is: (14.13.7.3.)

Answer 46

-using a consistent pattern when making a list-keeping the grammatical construction similar

Question 47

The five fears that lead to writer's block are: (14.13.8.)

Answer 47

fear of failure, rejection, success, offending, and running out of ideas

Question 48

A way to overcome writer's block is to: (Fig 14.5.)

Answer 48

-avoid procrastination-write just the topic sentences for each paragraph

Question 49

One way to make sure you edit efficiently is to read your document at least three times. In the first pass, look at the big picture; in the second pass, look at paragraph construction; and in the third pass, look at _______. (14.14.)

Answer 49

sentences, phrases, and words

Question 50

Step 7 of the Seven Steps to Effective Communication is Fight For Feedback. Feedback is: (Fig 14.6.)

Answer 50

-both positive and negative-specific rather than general

Question 51

The most common formats for preparing official and personal correspondence are: (14.16.)

Answer 51

-the Official Memorandum-the Personal Letter-the Memorandum for Record (MR)

Question 52

Which of the following is the format used to communicate with all DoD agencies and to conduct official business with vendors or contractors outside the government when the personal letter is inappropriate? (14.16.1.)

Answer 52

Official Memorandum

Question 53

The official memorandum must be prepared on what type of paper? (14.16.1.1.)

Answer 53

-printed letterhead or computer-generated letterhead-plain bond paper

Question 54

The official memorandum can be written on printed letterhead, computer-generated letterhead, or plain bond paper. Type or print on: (14.16.1.1.)

Answer 54

one side of the paper, using black or blue-black ink, and a 10- or 12-point font

Question 55

Which of the formats below is used when the communication needs a personal touch, when warmth or sincerity is essential, and when writing to an individual on a private matter for praise, condolence, sponsorship, etc? (14.16.2.)

Answer 55

Personal Letter

Question 56

The Personal Letter format is used when the communication needs a personal touch or when warmth or sincerity is essential. The personal letter should include a salutation element (Dear XXXX) and _______. (14.16.2.)

Answer 56

a complimentary close element (usually Sincerely)

Question 57

Which of these formats is used to record information that would otherwise not be recorded in writing or to provide a quick synopsis of the purpose of a correspondence? (14.16.3.)

Answer 57

Memorandum for Record

Question 58

The Memorandum for Record (MR) is an informal document with a set format. It is used to record information that refers to a certain piece of correspondence or to note certain actions. The two methods used most often are the: (14.16.3.)

Answer 58

separate-page MR and the explanatory MR

Question 59

The separate-page MR and the explanatory MR are two types of Memorandum for Record used most often. Which is appropriate for recording in-house information that would otherwise not be recorded in writing (such as a phone message or the results of a meeting)? (14.16.3.1.)

Answer 59

separate-page MR

Question 60

The separate-page MR and the explanatory MR are two types of Memorandum for Record often used. Which is usually attached to the file copy of correspondence and gives the reader a quick synopsis of the purpose of the correspondence? (14.16.3.2.)

Answer 60

explanatory MR

Question 61

The key to writing an effective bullet statement is: Extract the Facts, Build the Structure, and _______. (14.17.)

Answer 61

Streamline the final product

Question 62

The key to writing effective bullet statements is to follow the three phases: (1) Extract the Facts, (2) Build the Structure, and (3) Streamline the final product. Isolating a specific action and tracking down information on how the accomplishment affected the big picture are done during which phase? (14.17.1.)

Answer 62

Extract the facts

Question 63

There are three phases in writing effective bullet statements: (1) Extract the Facts, (2) Build the Structure, and (3) Streamline the final product. Which phase includes taking information from phase 1 and organizing the information into two components, the accomplishment element and the impact element? (14.17.2.)

Answer 63

Phase 2. Build the structure

Question 64

There are three phases in writing effective bullet statements: (1) Extract the Facts, (2) Build the Structure, and (3) Streamline the final product. Which phase includes reviewing and refining the bullet statement to make it accurate, brief, and specific? (14.17.3.)

Answer 64

Phase 3. Streamline the final product

Question 65

During verbal communication, the speaker has control over things that help increase communication such as rate, volume, pitch, pause, pronunciation, and length. The rate of speech is: (14.18.1.1.)

Answer 65

how fast someone talks; there is no correct rate of speed for every speech

Question 66

The speaker has control over things that help increase communication such as rate, volume, pitch, pause, pronunciation, and length. Although there is no correct rate of speed for every speech, it should be considered that most people can listen: (14.18.1.1.)

Answer 66

four to five times faster than the normal spoken rate of 120 words a minute

Question 67

During verbal communication, the speaker has control over things that help increase communication such as rate, volume, pitch, pause, pronunciation, and length. Pitch is: (14.18.1.3.)

Answer 67

the use of notes, higher or lower, in the voice to avoid monotone speech

Question 68

The speaker controls aspects of speech that help increase communication. The aspect of speech that gives the speaker time to catch his or her breath and the audience time to collect the speaker's ideas is _______. (14.18.1.4.)

Answer 68

the pause

Question 69

The speaker controls aspects of speech that help increase communication. The ability to articulate one's thoughts and express words distinctly is _______. (14.18.1.5.)

Answer 69

articulation

Question 70

The speaker controls aspects of speech that help increase communication. The ability to say or pronounce words correctly is _______. (14.18.1.5.)

Answer 70

pronunciation

Question 71

Experts tell us that over half of our meaning may be communicated nonverbally through eye contact, body movement, and gestures. Eye contact is considered to be one of the most important factors in nonverbal communication because: (14.18.2.1.)

Answer 71

-it lets the listeners know the speaker is interested in them-it allows you to receive nonverbal feedback from the audience-it enhances the credibility of the speaker

Question 72

Three common delivery formats for public speaking are Impromptu, Prepared (Formally Extemporaneous), and Manuscript. Impromptu speaking is: (14.18.3.1.)

Answer 72

when speakers have to speak publicly without warning or on a few moments' notice

Question 73

Three common delivery formats for public speaking are Impromptu, Prepared (Formally Extemporaneous), and Manuscript. Prepared (Formally Extemporaneous) speaking is: (14.18.3.2.)

Answer 73

when people have ample opportunity to prepare and develop a thorough outline and rehearse beforehand

Question 74

Three common delivery formats for public speaking are Impromptu, Prepared (Formally Extemporaneous), and Manuscript. Manuscript speaking is: (14.18.3.3.)

Answer 74

a delivery format that requires every word spoken to be absolutely perfect

Question 75

Three common delivery formats for public speaking are Impromptu, Prepared (Formally Extemporaneous), and Manuscript. The disadvantage of a manuscript briefing is that: (14.18.3.3.)

Answer 75

speakers lack spontaneity and eye contact and they stand behind the lectern

Question 76

Types of speaking used in the Air Force include the briefing, teaching lecture, and formal speech. What distinguishes the briefing from other types of speaking? (14.18.4.1.)

Answer 76

brevity

Question 77

Types of speaking used in the Air Force include briefing, teaching lecture, and formal speech. Which type of speaking is the method of instruction most often used in the Air Force? (14.18.4.2.)

Answer 77

teaching lecture

Question 78

The primary purpose of a teaching lecture is to teach students about a given subject. The two types of Teaching lecture are _______. (14.18.4.2.)

Answer 78

formal and informal

Question 79

Teaching lectures are either formal or informal. Formal lectures are generally one-way with no verbal participation by the students. Informal lectures are: (14.18.4.2.)

Answer 79

usually for smaller audiences and allow for verbal interaction between the instructor and students

Question 80

Types of speaking used in the Air Force include the briefing, teaching lecture, and formal speech. What are the three basic purposes a formal speech may have? (14.18.4.3.)

Answer 80

inform, persuade, or entertain

Question 81

The three basic purposes a formal speech may have are to inform, persuade, or entertain. Which type is a narration concerning a specific topic but does not involve a sustained effort to teach? (14.18.4.3.)

Answer 81

informative speech

Question 82

The three basic purposes of a formal speech are to inform, persuade, or entertain. Which type is designed to move an audience to believe in or take action on the topic presented? (14.18.4.3.)

Answer 82

persuasive speech

Question 83

The three basic purposes of a formal speech are to inform, persuade, or entertain. Which type gives enjoyment to the audience and often relies on humor and vivid language to entertain listeners? (14.18.4.3.)

Answer 83

entertaining speech

Question 84

The PDG describes three types of listening: informative listening, critical listening, and _______. (14.19.4.)

Answer 84

empathic listening

Question 85

The PDG describes three types of listening: informative listening, critical listening, and empathic listening. When a listener's primary concern is to understand information exactly as transmitted, that is an example of: (14.19.4.1.)

Answer 85

informative listening

Question 86

The PDG lists three types of listening: informative listening, critical listening, and empathic listening. The type of listening that is usually thought of as being the sum of informative listening and critical thinking is: (14.19.4.2.)

Answer 86

critical listening

Question 87

The three types of listening are: informative listening, critical listening, and empathic listening. The type of listening that is useful when communication is emotional or when the relationship between the speaker and listener is as important as the message is _______. (14.19.4.3.)

Answer 87

empathic listening

Question 88

A vital element for e-mail messaging security is the implementation of _______ for identity management. (14.21.)

Answer 88

public key infrastructure (PKI) and common access cards (CAC)

Question 89

The ______ is the core messaging system of record for the DoD and the Air Force. (14.22.)

Answer 89

Defense Message System (DMS)

Question 90

Air Force electronic messaging is divided into two classes: (14.23.)

Answer 90

organizational DMS High Grade Service (HGS) and Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) e-mail

Question 91

Air Force electronic messaging is divided into two classes. Which class includes organizational messages that require a message release authority, are directive in nature, commit resources, make formal requests, or provide a command position? (14.23.1.)

Answer 91

organizational DMS High Grade Service (HGS)

Question 92

Air Force electronic messaging is divided into two classes. Which class includes messages by an individual or organizational group/role that do not commit or direct an organization? (14.23.2.)

Answer 92

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) e-mail

Question 93

When transmitting official taskings via e-mail: (14.24.)

Answer 93

send them to organizational addresses using HGS, not to individual addresses-the sender is responsible to ensure the intended receiver receives the tasking-the receiver is responsible to ensure the tasking is accurate

Question 94

Before subscribing to, or participating in, electronic message newsgroups other than official Air Force internal information products, individuals must: (14.25.5.)

Answer 94

obtain written approval from the commander

Question 95

Individual responsibilities when using official e-mail are: (14.25.9. - 14.25.11.)

Answer 95

-ensure the chain of command is followed when e-mailing superiors-ensure e-mail is not auto-forwarded from the .mil domain to local internet service providers-ensure slogans, quotes, digital images, unusual fonts, etc. are not routinely added to official or individual e-mail

Question 96

The purpose of the Privacy Act of 1974 is: (14.26.)

Answer 96

to ensure the security and confidentiality of records and to protect individuals against an invasion of personal privacy

Question 97

When sending personal information over email within DoD, ensure: (14.26. - 14.26.3.)

Answer 97

-there is an official need-that all addressees are authorized to receive it under the Privacy Act-that "For Official Use Only (FOUO)" is added to the subject line, followed by the subject, and that "This email contains For Official Use Only (FOUO) information which must be protected under The Privacy Act and AFI 33-332." is added at the beginning of the e-mail

Question 98

When should the statement, "For Official Use Only (FOUO)" be added to an e-mail's subject line and the statement, "This email contains For Official Use Only (FOUO) information which must be protected under The Privacy Act and AFI 33-332." be added at the beginning of an e-mail? (14.26.3.)

Answer 98

only in situations when personal information is actually being transmitted

Question 99

The Air Force maintains two types of web pages or sites: Air Force public web pages or sites that are intended for viewing by the general public and _______. (14.28.)

Answer 99

Air Force private web pages or sites that are intended for a limited audience, specifically .mil and .gov users

Question 100

Participating in non-DoD or non-government chat lines, chat groups, or open-forum discussions to or through a public site, is strictly prohibited unless: (14.28.3.6.)

Answer 100

-it is for official purposes-it was approved through the Global Information Grid Waiver Board

Question 101

All job interviews are designed with one goal in mind: (14.29.1.1.)

Answer 101

to find the right person for a particular job

Question 102

As Airmen prepare for an interview, they should understand that interviews are: (14.29.1.2.)

Answer 102

a two-way communication process

Question 103

The purpose of the interview is to find the best SNCO for the job. However, interviews can be conducted in several different ways: (14.29.2.)

Answer 103

-individual interview or panel interview-interview by phone

Question 104

Interviews can be conducted in several different ways: individual interview, panel interview, or by phone. Which type is frequently used when organizations are filling a managerial position? (14.29.2.1.2.)

Answer 104

panel interview

Question 105

Interviewing is a 3-step process: (14.29.3.)

Answer 105

pre-interview preparation, actual interview, and post-interview actions

Question 106

Most SNCOs will be interviewed in one of two ways: by phone or in person. If conducted by phone, the interview begins the moment you pick up the phone and ends: (14.29.4.)

Answer 106

once you hang up

Question 107

Most SNCOs will be interviewed in one of two ways: by phone or in person. If conducted in person, the interview begins the moment you get out of your car and ends: (14.29.4.)

Answer 107

when you drive out of the parking lot

Question 108

In job interviews, potential employers judge you on how you look and act, not just on what you say. Research shows that 65 percent of meaning in any interaction is conveyed _______. (14.29.4.2.2.)

Answer 108

nonverbally

Question 109

After the interview is complete, two things will increase your chances of success and help you learn from your experience: (14.30.1. - 14.30.2.)

Answer 109

-send a short thank-you note to the organization with which you interviewed-make a few notes about the interview and what you would change or improve