Chapter 14

Question 1

a heritable change in the genetic material

Answer 1

Mutation

Question 2

affects only a single base pair within the DNA

Answer 2

Point Mutation

Question 3

A specific type of point mutation in which one base has been replaced by another base.

Answer 3

Base substitution mutation.

Question 4

Mutations that do not alter the amino acid sequence

Answer 4

Silent Mutation

Question 5

a base substitution that changes a single amino acid in a polypeptide sequence.

Answer 5

Missense Mutation

Question 6

involves a change from a normal codon to a stop codon.

Answer 6

Nonsense Mutation

Question 7

an addition of deletion of nucleotides that are not in multiples of three

Answer 7

Frameshift mutation

Question 8

Mutations that can be passed on to offspring through gametes (egg and sperm)

Answer 8

Germ line

Question 9

Mutation that cannot be passed on to offspring, occur in what type of cell

Answer 9

Somatic Cells (all cells in the body except germ line)

Question 10

Mutations that result from abnormalities in biological processes

Answer 10

Spontaneous Mutation

Question 11

Mutations that are caused by environmental agents

Answer 11

Induced Mutation

Question 12

These environmental agents

Answer 12

Mutagen

Question 13

the result of mutations that cause overly high levels of expression.

Answer 13

Oncogene

Question 14

Mutations which result in inactivity of this gene and cancer may occur

Answer 14

Tumor-Suppressor Gene

Question 15

A normal gene, that if mutated, can become an oncogene.

Answer 15

Proto-oncogene