chapter 14

Question 1

memorized the designs of textile factory machines + brought them to the U.S.

Answer 1

Samuel Slater

Question 2

spins many spindles of thread at once

Answer 2

spinning jenny

Question 3

cleaned cotton faster than any person doing it

Answer 3

cotton gin

Question 4

developed a code including dots and dashes to represent the letters in the alphabet (Morse code); also created the telegraph

Answer 4

Samuel Morse

Question 5

created the cotton gin and interchangeable parts

Answer 5

Eli whtitney

Question 6

invented the steam boat

Answer 6

Robert fulton

Question 7

sent messages by transmitting electrical signals over a wire laid between stations

Answer 7

telegraph

Question 8

resist immigration

Answer 8

nativists

Question 9

unfair treatment of a group

Answer 9

discrimmination

Question 10

Factory town in Massachusetts with a textile mill that employed farm girls who lived in company-owned boarding houses

Answer 10

lowell

Question 11

she fought for a change in working hours at lowell

Answer 11

sarah bagley

Question 12

a series of restrictions on Cleveland’s black citizens; African Americans had barely any rights

Answer 12

black laws

Question 13

an organized association of workers in a trade, group of trades, or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests; a labor union

Answer 13

trade union

Question 14

consisted of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, tennessee, and kentucky

Answer 14

upper soouth

Question 15

the sales and trading of enslaved people from the upper south to the deep south

Answer 15

domestic slave trade

Question 16

consisted of Georgia, South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and texas

Answer 16

deep soouth

Question 17

The forced sale and migration of enslaved people within the United States after the international slave trade ended in 1808

Answer 17

second middle passage

Question 18

most white people in south, generally owned small farms (50-200 acres), grew crops themselves to trade with local merchants, didn’t take part in plantation style agriculture, owned few or no slaves

Answer 18

yeomen

Question 19

supervised the slaves

Answer 19

an overseer

Question 20

laws for slaves that they had to follow

Answer 20

slave codes

Question 21

rented land from property owners

Answer 21

tenant farmers

Question 22

led an unsuccessful slave rebellion

Answer 22

nat turner

Question 23

a network of routes and safe houses used by slaves to escape primarily to the north and Canada

Answer 23

underground railroad

Question 24

owned most of the land, the men were at the auctions and traveling to trade, the women took charge of the house, supervised the buildings, watched over the enslaved, and kept the plantations financial records, it was all for the money

Answer 24

plantation owners

Question 25

rural poor

Answer 25

owned no land or slaves and worked multiple jobs mainly

Question 26

Religious folk songs that expressed joy & sadness

Answer 26

spirituals

Question 27

A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s & led to people moving to cities to work in factories

Answer 27

industrial revolution

Question 28

Identical pieces assembled in large quantities that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing

Answer 28

interchangeable parts

Question 29

describe the categories of white southerners

Answer 29

yeoman: farmers who owned small farms and grew crops themselves to trade with local merchants; Tenant farmers: rented land from property owners; Rural poor: didn’t own any land or slaves; Plantation owner: owned most of the land the men were at the auctions and traveling to trade, the women took charge of the house, supervised the buildings, watched over the enslaved, and kept the plantations financial records, it was all for the money

Question 30

describe the working conditions for slaves (housing, clothing, food, and punishment)

Answer 30

housing: typically old shacks that were run down and had many cracks, no fireplaces or stoves, close to the railroad; clothing: very little amount and uncomfortable in feel and weather type; food: very small portions and had to eat what was given; punishment: most common was beat or whipped