Chapter 14

Question 1

Organized violence against Jews

Answer 1

Pogroms

Question 2

The world’s longest continuous rail line

Answer 2

Trans-Siberian Railway

Question 3

Supported a small number of committed revolutionaries willing to sacrifice everything for radical change

Answer 3

Bolsheviks

Question 4

Major leader of Bolsheviks adopted the name…

Answer 4

Lenin

Question 5

Russia’s first parliament

Answer 5

Duma

Question 6

A self described holy man

Answer 6

Rasputin

Question 7

Temporary government

Answer 7

Provisional government

Question 8

Local councils consisting of workers, peasants, and soldiers

Answer 8

Soviets

Question 9

Quiet man who rarely received much public notice

Answer 9

Joseph Stalin

Question 10

Describes a government that takes total, centralized state control over every aspect of public and private life

Answer 10

Totalitarianism

Question 11

A system in which the government made all economic needs and determine how to fulfill them

Answer 11

Command economy

Question 12

Combining privately owned farms into large, government owned farms

Answer 12

Collective farms

Question 13

A class of wealthy peasants

Answer 13

Kulaks

Question 14

Campaign of terror in 1934 when Stalin turned against members of the communist party

Answer 14

Great Purge

Question 15

Artistic style that praised soviet life and communist values

Answer 15

Socialist realism

Question 16

Nationalist party

Answer 16

Kuomintang

Question 17

First great leader who was a physician who spent many years in the US. Made revolutionary alliance to overthrow Qing Dynasty

Answer 17

Sun Yixian

Question 18

Young schoolteacher who studied at Beijing university, supported student protestors. Later became China’s greatest revolutionary leader

Answer 18

Mao Zedong

Question 19

Demonstrations spread to other cities and exploded into national movement called…

Answer 19

May Fourth Movement

Question 20

1934, communist forces began a hazardous 6,000 mike long journey called…

Answer 20

Long March

Question 21

Leader of independence movement, called him mahatma meaning great soul

Answer 21

Mohandas K. Gandhi

Question 22

The deliberate and public refusal to obey an unjust law

Answer 22

Civil disobedience

Question 23

1922, brilliant commander who led the Turkish nationalist in overthrowing the ottoman sultan

Answer 23

Mustafa Kemal

Question 24

How did Rasputin gain political influence over the Romanov family and Russian political affairs

Answer 24

He seemed to ease the symptoms of the Czar’s hemophiliac son, Alexei Romanov.

Question 25

How did World War I lead to the downfall of Czar Nicholas II?

Answer 25

The Russian army was tired of fighting WW I, and food shortages worsened.

Question 26

Explain the causes of Russia's civil war and its outcome

Answer 26

The causes of Russia's Civil War were the failure of the provisional government of Kerensky, the growing power of the soviets, the treaty of Brest-Litovsk angered Russians, and the Bolsheviks wanted to wipe out all their enemies. The outcome was the Bolshevik victory over the Whites and 14,000,000 dead.

Question 27

What are the key traits of totalitarianism

Answer 27

The key traits of a totalitarian state are Ideology, Dynamic Leader, State control of individuals, Methods of Enforcement, Modern Technology, State Control of Society, Dictatorship, and One-party rule.

Question 28

How did Stalin's Five-Year Plans differ from Lenin's New Economic Policy

Answer 28

Lenin's policy Allows some private businesses, and peasants own land Classless society with production of the hands of the people Standard of living raises for many workers Stalin's Five-Years plan Wanted to make Russia into an industrial power with all production under government control Created a command economyBrought all agriculture under government control, forced peasants to live on group farms.Standards of living fell for many workers

Question 29

What individual freedoms are denied to a totalitarian state

Answer 29

- Freedom of speech - Artistic Freedom - Freedom of religion - Freedom to love/work wherever

Question 30

Briefly describe the May Fourth Movement and its supporters

Answer 30

- Angry factory workers, shopkeepers and professionals join with angry students to protest the Treaty of Versailles of World War 1 that gave Japan territories and privileges. - Showed commitment to establishing a strong modern nation and led to the favor of communism instead of Sun's beliefs in western democracy.

Question 31

How did the Japanese react to the civil war in china

Answer 31

They tried to take advantage of the internal weak state that china was in and invaded china. However, the two Chinese sides (nationalists and communists) generally united together to fight the common Japanese enemy, and as a result created heavy resistance that slowed Japanese advances and also kept Japanese troops away from other pacific battles.

Question 32

Give examples of Gandhi's campaign of civil disobedience against the British government

Answer 32

Boycotts, strikes and demonstrations, and the salt march

Question 33

What steps did Kemal take to modernize Turkey?

Answer 33

Kemal made reforms to modernize while he was a president: • separated the laws of Islam from the laws of the nation • abolished religious courts and created a new legal system based on European law • granted women the right to vote and to hold public office • launched government-funded programs to industrialize Turkey and to spur the economic growth