Chapter 14 - Fill in the Blanks

Question 1

Name the 2 divisions of the nervous system:

1. ________________
2. ________________

Answer 1

1. central nervous system

2. peripheral nervous system

Question 2

Another name for nerve cells is ________ and the supportive tissues are called ___________.

Answer 2

neurons

neuroglia

Question 3

List the 3 types of neurons

1. ____________
2. ____________
3. ____________

Answer 3

1. motor neurons
2. interneurons
3. sensory neurons

Question 4

Name the 2 body parts included in the CNS:

1. _______________
2. ______________

Answer 4

1. the brain

2. the spinal cord

Question 5

The PNS consists of _____________________________.

Answer 5

all nerves outside the CNS (central nervous system)

Question 6

List the 3 tissues of the nervous system:

1. _______________
2. _______________
3. _______________

Answer 6

1. nerve fibers
2. nerves
3. tracts

Question 7

The _________ _______ ________ links the CNS with the other parts of the body.

Answer 7

peripheral nervous system

Question 8

Motor neurons are _________ processes because they carry information away from the brain.

Answer 8

efferent

Question 9

The __________ nervous system controls involuntary body functions.

Answer 9

autonomic

Question 10

Axons are covered by a fatty substance known as _________.

Answer 10

myelan

Question 11

Sensory neurons are referred to as _________ nerves because they carry impulses toward the brain.

Answer 11

afferent

Question 12

Groups of nerve fibers within the CNS are sometimes referred to as _______.

Answer 12

tracts

Question 13

The space between the dendrite and axon is called the ________ _____.

Answer 13

synaptic cleft

Question 14

Chemical agents are released into synapse from the axon’s knob and picked up by the receptors on the dendrites, these chemical messengers are called ________________.

Answer 14

neurotransmitters

Question 15

The brain is enclosed by three membranes known collectively as the _________.

Answer 15

meninges

Question 16

Name the 3 membranes surrounding the brain:

1. _______________
2. ______________
3. _______________

Answer 16

1. dura mater
2. arachnoid
3. pia mater

Question 17

The surface of the cerebrum contains bulges called _______ and the furrows of space between the bulges are known as _______.

Answer 17

gyrus

sulcus

Question 18

Name the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex:

1. _______________
2. _______________
3. ______________
4. ______________

Answer 18

1. frontal lobe
2. parietal lobe
3. temporal lobe
4. occipital lobe

Question 19

The __________ is the second largest part of the brain and occupies the space at the back of the skull.

Answer 19

cerebellum

Question 20

The diencephalon refers to the __________ and the ___________.

Answer 20

thalamus /and the/ hypothalamus

Question 21

The ___________ is the lower part of the brain, adjoining and structurally continuous with the spinal cord.

Answer 21

brainstem

Question 22

The ______ ______ is the terminal portion of the spinal cord, also known as the horse’s tail.

Answer 22

cauda equina

Question 23

The brain and spinal cord are surrounded by _____________ _______.

Answer 23

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 24

Name the 2 functions of the cerebrospinal fluid:

1. __________________
2. __________________

Answer 24

1. cushions the brain

2. supports the brain

Question 25

The network of nerves branching throughout the body from the brain and spinal cord is known as the __________ ________ ________.

Answer 25

peripheral nervous system

Question 26

Provide the function / body part associated with the following nerves:
olfactory \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
hypoglossal \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
trigeminal \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
optic \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
trochlear \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 26

olfactory : sense of smell
hypoglossal : tongue movement
trigeminal : face and head
optic : vision
trochlear : muscles of the eye

Question 27

The __________ __________ ________ controls involuntary bodily functions. This system is divided into two divisions, the _______________ and _______________.

Answer 27

autonomic nervous system

sympathetic

parasympathetic