Chapter 14- pain management

Question 1

what is of anesthesia

Answer 1

encompasses analgesia, amnesia, relaxation, and reflex activity

Question 2

what is analgesia

Answer 2

the alleviation of the sensation of pain or the raising of the threshold for pain perception without loss of consciousness

Question 3

when are sedatives typically used

Answer 3

to relieve anxiety and induce sleep; typically used for women in a prolonged latent phase of labor when there is a need to lessen the intensity of the contractions, decrease anxiety, or promote sleep

Question 4

what sedatives are used for L&D

Answer 4

Barbiturates
Phenothiazines
Benzodiazepines

Question 5

what is local anesthesia used for

Answer 5

episiotomy or tear

Question 6

always ___ before an epidural

Answer 6

bolus at least 1 L of fluid, because it is a vasodilator

Question 7

what does it mean when a patient gets bad headaches and photosensitivity which worsens upon sitting up after receiving an epidural and how do you treat it

Answer 7

leaking of CSF, blood patch

Question 8

what are contraindications for subarachnoid and epidural blocks

Answer 8

Active or anticipated serious maternal hemorrhage
Maternal hypotension
Maternal coagulopathy
Infection at the injection site
Increased intracranial pressure
Allergy to the anesthetic drug
Maternal refusal or inability to cooperate
Some types of maternal cardiac conditions

Question 9

what does nitrous oxide do

Answer 9

an analgesia for stages 1 and 2 of labor, helps to relax but does not take pain away