Chapter 19-HTN and GDM

Question 1

what is the definition of gestational HTN

Answer 1

Onset of hypertension without proteinuria or other systemic findings diagnostic for preeclampsia after week 20 of pregnancy
Systolic BP >140, diastolic BP >90

Question 2

if you have high BP prior to 20 weeks then you have

Answer 2

chronic HTN

Question 3

if you have HTN develop after 20 weeks you have

Answer 3

gestational HTN

Question 4

if you have high BP after 20 weeks with proteinuria you have

Answer 4

preeclampsia

Question 5

if you have high BP with proteinuria after 20 weeks with seizures you have

Answer 5

eclampsia

Question 6

what are tech interventions for mild gestational HTN and preeclampsia are

Answer 6

activity restriction, diet watch, maternal and fetal assessment

Question 7

you can have preeclampsia without proteinuria if you have HTN with:

Answer 7

Thrombocytopenia
Impaired liver function
New development of renal insufficiency
Pulmonary edema
New-onset cerebral or visual disturbances

Question 8

what are you watching for with HTN

Answer 8

Epigastric pain, headaches, which are more intense and more frequent, blurred vision, spots

Question 9

what are preeclampsia common risk factors

Answer 9

Primigravidity in woman <19 or >40 years of age
First pregnancy with a new partner
History of preeclampsia
Pregnancy-onset snoring

Question 10

what re signs for eclampsia

Answer 10

Premonitory signs: persistent headache and blurred vision
Epigastric or right upper quadrant pain
Altered mental status
Convulsions appearing without warning
Ensuring a patent airway and client safety
Maternal stabilization

Question 11

chronic HTN is associated with increased incidence of

Answer 11

Abruptio placentae
Superimposed preeclampsia
Increased perinatal mortality (IUGR, Preterm)
Postpartum complications:
Pulmonary edema
Renal failure
Heart failure
Encephalopathy

Question 12

what is HELLP syndrome

Answer 12

Laboratory diagnosis for a variant of severe preeclampsia that involves hepatic dysfunction
Hemolysis (H)
Elevated liver enzymes (EL)
Low platelets (LP)
Result of arteriolar vasospasm, endothelial cell dysfunction with fibrin deposits, and adherence of platelets in blood vessels
The clinical presentation is often nonspecific; most women with the disorder report the following:
History of malaise
Influenza-like symptoms
Epigastric or right upper quadrant abdominal pain
Symptoms worsen at night and improve during the daytime.

Question 13

what are maternal and fetal risks and complications of pregestational diabetes

Answer 13

Maternal risks and complications
Hydramnios/polyhydramnios
Ketoacidosis
Hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia
Fetal and neonatal risks and complications
IUFD
Congenital malformations
Hypoglycemia at birth