chapter 14 part 2

Question 1

what kind of peas did mendel cross

Answer 1

round and wrinkled seed PURE LINES.

Question 2

parental generation of test

Answer 2

individuals used in INITAL CROSS

Question 3

What is the parental generations offspring called

Answer 3

F1 generatio

Question 4

What does F1 stand for

Answer 4

First Fillial

Question 5

Next gens after F1

Answer 5

F2, F3 ECT ECT

Question 6

what was it called when he crossed peas

Answer 6

Monhybrid cross

Question 7

peas

what did the monohybrid cross result in

Answer 7

f1 round seeds,
f2 wrinkles (3:1) ratio
mating between two parents w diff genotypyes, hybrid makes single trait

Question 8

peas

what was the wrinkled shape

Answer 8

recessive

Question 9

peas

what was round

Answer 9

Dominant

Question 10

What did his experiment contradict and disprove

Answer 10

Blending theory of inheritance

Question 11

What is particulate inheritance

Answer 11

hypothesis,
do not blend or change
they are DISCREET UNCHANGING PARTS

Question 12

principle of segregation

Answer 12

developed by mendel cuz of 3:1
- two members of gene pair must seperate in two diff gamete cells during fertilization

Question 13

R and r

Answer 13

R= dom
r= recess.

Question 14

why do pure line individuals produce same phenotype kids

Answer 14

cuz they homozygous

Question 15

ratio of hereozygous parents

Answer 15

offspring 1/4 RR. 1/2 Rr. 1/4 rr

Question 16

dihybrid cross

Answer 16

matings between parents w bothe heterozygous for two traits

Question 17

what did dihybrid cross deterine

Answer 17

whether alleles seperate togeter or independent

Question 18

with dyhbrid cross what two hypthesis did mendel test

Answer 18

independent assortment and dependent assortment

Question 19

dependent assortment

Answer 19

allele depends on another alleles to transmit

Question 20

independent assortment

Answer 20

diff genes are transmitted independently of each other

Question 21

what did mendels results support

Answer 21

principle of independent assortment

Question 22

punnet square of dihybrid gene results in and confirms what

Answer 22

4 possible phenotypes in ratio of
9:3:3:1
alleles of diff genes are transmitted independently

Question 23

did test cross also confirm principle of independent assortment

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

What is the chromosome theory of inheritance

Answer 24

came out of Sutton and boveri’s observation of meiosis

Question 25

where are genes located on chromosomes

Answer 25

locus

Question 26

what stage do alleles seperate physically

Answer 26

meiosis 1 ==> principle of segregation

Question 27

why do genes of diff traits assort independtly of one another during meiosis 1

Answer 27

cuz they @ diff nonhomolougous chromosomes ## Footnote explains principle of independent assortment

Question 28

# testing chromosome theory of inheritance what was the model organism for genetics

Answer 28

DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER (fly)

Question 29

Morgans first goal to indentify diff pheno

Answer 29

1_ wild type

Question 30

WHAT IS WILD TYPE

Answer 30

most common phenotype for each trait | other phenotypes arise by mutatuon

Question 31

What are Mutants

Answer 31

individuals with traits caused by mutations

Question 32

# drosophila melangaster what are red eyes in fruit flies

Answer 32

wild type

Question 33

# drosophila melangaster what are white eyes in fruit flies

Answer 33

mutation

Question 34

what did morgan mate

Answer 34

wild type femle with mutant male

Question 35

after morgans reciprocal cross with mutanyt male and wild type, what result

Answer 35

f1 female had red eyes, f1 mle had white eyes | suggested relationship between gender and inheritance of eye color in dr

Question 36

what did stevens studie at same time of fruit flies (morgan)

Answer 36

he studied insects

Question 37

what did stevens discover

Answer 37

sex chromosomes

Question 38

sex linkage

Answer 38

genes being on either sex chromosomes | explained recirpocal cross

Question 39

linkage

Answer 39

explain why in some experimental crossed f2 prodegy did not conform to 3:1 or 9:3:3:1 ratio

Question 40

Linkage

Answer 40

tendency of genes to be inherited together because they are on the same chromosome

Question 41

what does linkage refer to

Answer 41

two or more genes located on the same chromosome

Question 42

sex linkage

Answer 42

says nothing about location of gene relative to another