chapter 14 part 3

Question 1

when chromosome of X And X female segregate during meiosis 1 what happens

Answer 1

haploid cells with two genotypes produce in equal porportion
4 genotypes do not produce because of the law of independent assortment

Question 2

Some male offspring are recombinant

Answer 2

alleles on x chromosomes were diff (recombined from combinations present in mother

Question 3

linked genes are inhereted together unless what?

Answer 3

crossing over occurs

Question 4

when crossing over occurs what happens

Answer 4

genetic recombination occurs

Question 5

what phase of meiosis does crossing over occur

Answer 5

prophase of meiosis 1

Question 6

are genes more likely to cross over when they are far apart from each other

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

to figure out the distance between genes we can use

Answer 7

% of recombinant offspring

Question 8

what can be used to create a genetic map

Answer 8

frequency of crossing over

Question 9

what does a genetic map show

Answer 9

the positiont of genes along a particular chromosome

Question 10

how many alleles did mendel work with

Answer 10

genes w 2 alleles

Question 11

wha t is multiple allelism

Answer 11

More than two alleles of a gene in a population

Question 12

in multiple allelism can dozens of alleles be in a single gene

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

hwo many alleles do humans have for ABO blood type

Answer 13

3

Question 14

what do the 3 alleles for ABO blood type code for

Answer 14

they code for version of enzymes that add polysaccharides to membraine of red blood cells

Question 15

what is complete dominance

Answer 15

when the phenotype of the dominant allele appear in heterozygous

Question 16

what is codominance

Answer 16

ab individuals exhibit both the A and B phenotype

single allele can show more than one form of dominance

Question 17

what is incomplete dominance

Answer 17

intermediate phenotype

Question 18

genes that influence many traits

Answer 18

pleiotropic

Marfin syndrome

Question 19

pleotropic gene

Marfin syndrome

Answer 19

when a single gene is involved,
the FBN1 (MUTANT) allele is dominant to wild type allele

Question 20

what leads to a wide array of phenotypes

Answer 20

mutations

Question 21

what is gene interation

Answer 21

2 or more genes influence a single trait

Question 22

what is an important form of gene interaction

Answer 22

epistatis

Question 23

True or False: Do two or more genes work together to control a single trait

Answer 23

True

Question 24

gene interaction

What is Epistasis

Answer 24

the phenotype of one gene can be completely masked by another genotype of a diff gene

if a gene for a cookie say add chocalate chips but another gene says no toppings allowed the no topping gene will win

Question 25

can phenotypes be effected by environment?

Answer 25

yes | environental effects

Question 26

# genetic disease PKU

Answer 26

phenylketonuria

Question 27

what is PKU

Answer 27

ppl with pku are homozygous recessive enzymes convert PHENYLALANINE TO TYROSINE will be absent in individuals with PKU Phenylalanine accumalated and will produce severe mental retardation ## Footnote if ur placed on a low phenylalanine diet develop normal

Question 28

discrete traits

Answer 28

traits that are clearly diff from each other no. intermediate traits

Question 29

quantitative traits

Answer 29

traits thta very continuously

Question 30

what did nilsson ehle used to explain quantitative traits ## Footnote kernels

Answer 30

used wheat

Question 31

# quantitative traits = nilsson-ehle used wheat what did the kernel color exhibited normal

Answer 31

normal distribution of color between white and dark red

Question 32

what did the experiment with wheat propose

Answer 32

parental strains differ with respect to 3 genes that control kernel color, assort independently and incomplete domiance (red is determined by number of ABC alleles)

Question 33

poly morphism

Answer 33

in a population there is more than one phenotype associated with a gene

Question 34

gene environment interaction

Answer 34

environment influences genotype

Question 35

gene - gene interaction

Answer 35

genes inpact eachother

Question 36

Mode of Transmission

Answer 36

describes trait as autosomal or sex linked and type of dominance

Question 37

pedigree

Answer 37

are used to learn mode of transmission for given trait ## Footnote if simple gene causes reveals whether phenotype is due to dominant and recessive allele, and whether it is on sex chromosome or autosome

Question 38

autosomal recessibe allele

Answer 38

individuals trait will be homosygous

Question 39

sickle celle disease

Answer 39

carrier will recessive phenotype | passed down from x

Question 40

autosomal dominant

Answer 40

huntigtan disease

Question 41

if trqit appears equally in males and females

Answer 41

likely autosomal

Question 42

if males express the trait more often than female

Answer 42

allele is recessive and found on x chromose

Question 43

x liked recessive traits are common (male)

Answer 43

will exhibit if get from mom

Question 44

x liked recessive traits are common (female)

Answer 44

woman will exhibit trait only if they are homozygous

Question 45

what skips generations

Answer 45

x linked recessive traits | red green color blidness

Question 46

x linked dominant traits

Answer 46

are rare | dad passes trait to all sons but none to somes

Question 47

# x linked dominant traits female will pass to | half girl half bot

Answer 47

ie.. hypophosphatemia | vitamin d resistant = rickets

Question 48

y linked traits

Answer 48

no known human y linked traits