Chapter 15 MCQ

Question 1

Which of these physiological changes would not be considered part of the sympathetic fight-or-flight response?
a. increased heart rate
b. increased sweating
c. dilated pupils
d. increased stomach motility

Answer 1

D) Increased Stomach Motility

Question 2

Which type of fibre could be considered the longest?
a. preganglionic parasympathetic
b. preganglionic sympathetic
c. postganglionic parasympathetic
d. postganglionic sympathetic

Answer 2

b) Preganglionic Synpathetic

Question 3

Which signaling molecule is most likely responsible for an increase in digestive activity?
a. epinephrine
b. norepinephrine
c. acetylcholine
d. adrenaline

Answer 3

c) Acetylcholine

Question 4

Which of these cranial nerves contains preganglionic parasympathetic gbers?
a. optic, CN II
b. facial, CN VII
c. trigeminal, CN V
d. hypoglossal, CN XII

Answer 4

b) Facial

Question 5

Which of the following is not a target of a sympathetic preganglionic fibre?
a. intermural ganglion
b. collateral ganglion
c. adrenal gland
d. chain ganglion

Answer 5

c) Adrenal Gland

Question 6

Which of the following represents a sensory input that is not part of both the somatic and autonomic systems?
a. vision
b. taste
c. baroreception
d. proprioception

Answer 6

c) Baroreception

Question 7

What is the term for a reflex that does not include a CNS component?
a. long reflex
b. visceral reflex
c. somatic reflex
d. short reflex

Answer 7

d) Short Reflex

Question 8

What neurotransmitter will result in constriction of the pupil?
a. norepinephrine
b. acetylcholine
c. epinephrine
d. serotonin

Answer 8

b) Acetylcholine

Question 9

What gland produces a secretion that causes fight-or-flight responses in effectors?
a. adrenal medulla
b. salivatory gland
c. reproductive gland
d. thymus

Answer 9

a) Adrenal Medulla

Question 10

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?
a. norepinephrine dilates the pupil
b. epinephrine increases blood pressure
c. acetylcholine decreases digestion
d. norepinephrine increases heart rate

Answer 10

c) Acetylcholine decreases digestion

Question 11

Which of these locations in the forebrain is the master control center for homeostasis through the autonomic and endocrine systems?
a. hypothalamus
b. thalamus
c. amygdala
d. cerebral cortex

Answer 11

a) Hypothalamus

Question 12

Which nerve projects to the hypothalamus to indicate the level of light stimuli in the retina?
a. glossopharyngeal
b. oculomotor
c. optic
d. vagus

Answer 12

c) Optic Nerve

Question 13

What region of the limbic lobe is responsible for generating stress responses via the hypothalamus?
a. hippocampus
b. amygdala
c. mammillary bodies
d. prefrontal cortex

Answer 13

b) Amygdala

Question 14

What is another name for the preganglionic sympathetic fibers that project to the heart?
a. solitary tract
b. vasomotor nerve
c. vagus nerve
d. cardiac accelerator nerve

Answer 14

d) Cardiac Accelerator Nerve

Question 15

What central fibre tract connects forebrain and brain stem structures with the hypothalamus?
a. cardiac accelerator nerve
b. medial forebrain bundle
c. dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
d. corticospinal tract

Answer 15

b) Medial Forebrain Bundle

Question 16

A drug that affects both divisions of the autonomic system is going to bind to, or block, which type of neurotransmitter receptor?
a. nicotinic
b. muscarinic
c. α-adrenergic
d. β-adrenergic

Answer 16

a) Nicotinic

Question 17

A drug is called an agonist if it ________.
a. blocks a receptor
b. interferes with neurotransmitter reuptake
c. acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by
binding to its receptor
d. blocks the voltage-gated calcium ion channel

Answer 17

c) Acts like the endogenous neurotransmitter by binding to its receptor.

Question 18

Which type of drug would be an antidote to atropine poisoning?
a. nicotinic agonist
b. anticholinergic
c. muscarinic agonist
d. α-blocker

Answer 18

c) Muscarinic Agonist

Question 19

Which kind of drug would have anti-anxiety effects?
a. nicotinic agonist
b. anticholinergic
c. muscarinic agonist
d. α-blocker

Answer 19

d) a-blocker

Question 20

Which type of drug could be used to treat asthma by opening airways wider?
a. sympatholytic drug
b. sympathomimetic drug
c. anticholinergic drug
d. parasympathomimetic drug

Answer 20

b) Sympathoimetic drug

Question 21

What is the primary difference between the SNS and the ANS?

Answer 21

The SNS causes contraction of the skeletal muscles, whereas ANS controls cardiac and smooth muscle and glandular tissue.

Question 22

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is associated with the fight-or-flight response?
A. Parasympathetic division
B. Sympathetic division
C. Enteric nervous system
D. Central nervous system

Answer 22

B. Sympathetic Division

Question 23

What effect does the sympathetic nervous system have during the fight-or-flight response?

A. Decreases oxygen intake and delivery to skeletal muscles

B. Shuts down the respiratory and cardiovascular systems

C. Activates many different effector organs for a common purpose, such as increasing oxygen
intake and shutting down the digestive system

D. Increases nutrient absorption in the digestive system

Answer 23

C. Activates many different effector organs for a common purpose, such as increasing oxygen
intake and shutting down the digestive system

Question 24

Where are the central neurons of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
located?
A. In the brain stem
B. In the lateral horn of the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord
C. In the cervical spinal cord
D. In the sacral spinal cord

Answer 24

B. In the lateral horn of the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord.

Question 25

What is the role of the sympathetic chain ganglia? A. They are the primary centers for controlling voluntary muscle movements. B. They are a network of ganglia that run alongside the vertebral column, receiving input from central sympathetic neurons. C. They project directly to the adrenal medulla to release hormones. D. They are the main site of parasympathetic nervous system activity.

Answer 25

B. They are a network of ganglia that run alongside the vertebral column, receiving input from the sentral sympathetic neurons.

Question 26

Which preganglionic sympathetic fiber does not terminate in a ganglion? A. The fiber projecting to the heart B. The fiber projecting to the stomach C. The fiber projecting to the adrenal medulla D. The fiber projecting to the sweat glands

Answer 26

C. The fibre projecting to the adrenal medulla.

Question 27

What type of receptors do all ganglionic neurons have in their cell membrane? A. Muscarinic receptors B. Nicotinic receptors C. Adrenergic receptors D. Dopaminergic receptors

Answer 27

B. Nicotinic receptors

Question 28

Which neurotransmitter is primarily released by postganglionic sympathetic fibers? A. Acetylcholine B. Dopamine C. Norepinephrine D. Serotonin

Answer 28

C. Norepinephrine

Question 29

What type of reflex does not involve any components of the central nervous system? A. Long reflex B. Short reflex C. Somatic reflex D. Visceral reflex

Answer 29

B. Short Reflex

Question 30

Why is the autonomic nervous system important for homeostasis? A. It operates independently of the central nervous system. B. Its two divisions compete at the target effector to regulate bodily functions. C. It only regulates voluntary muscle movements. D. It is solely responsible for conscious sensory perception.

Answer 30

B. Its two divisions compete at the target effector to regulate bodily functions.