Chapter 16

Question 1

Black codes

Answer 1

laws some southern states designed to maintain White supremacy by keeping freed people impoverished and in debt

Question 2

carpetbagger

Answer 2

a term used for northerners working in the South during Reconstruction; it implied that these were opportunists who came south for economic or political gain

Question 3

Compromise of 1877

Answer 3

the agreement between Republicans and Democrats, after the contested election of 1876, in which Rutherford B. Hayes was awarded the presidency in exchange for withdrawing the last of the federal troops from the South

Question 4

crop-lien system

Answer 4

a loan system in which store owners extended credit to farmers for the purchase of goods in exchange for a portion of their future crops

Question 5

Freedmen’s Bureau

Answer 5

the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, which was created in 1865 to ease Black peoples’ transition from slavery to freedom

Question 6

Ironclad Oath

Answer 6

an oath that the Wade-Davis Bill required a majority of voters and government officials in Confederate states to take; it involved swearing that they had never supported the Confederacy

Question 7

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 7

a White vigilante organization that engaged in terroristic violence with the aim of stopping Reconstruction

Question 8

Radical Republicans

Answer 8

northern Republicans who contested Lincoln’s treatment of Confederate states and proposed harsher punishments

Question 9

Reconstruction

Answer 9

the twelve-year period after the Civil War in which the rebel Southern states were integrated back into the Union

Question 10

redeemers

Answer 10

a term used for southern White people committed to rolling back the gains of Reconstruction

Question 11

scalawags

Answer 11

a pejorative term used for southern White people who supported Reconstruction

Question 12

sharecropping

Answer 12

a crop-lien system in which people paid rent on land they farmed (but did not own) with the crops they grew

Question 13

ten percent plan

Answer 13

Lincoln’s Reconstruction plan, which required only 10 percent of the 1860 voters in Confederate states to take an oath of allegiance to the Union

Question 14

Union Leagues

Answer 14

fraternal groups loyal to the Union and the Republican Party that became political and civic centers for Black people in former Confederate states

Question 15

What was Lincoln's primary goal immediately following the Civil War?
A. punishing the rebel states
B. improving the lives of former slaves
C. reunifying the country
D. paying off the debts of the war

Answer 15

C. reunifying the country

Question 16

In 1864 and 1865, Radical Republicans were most concerned with ________.
A. securing civil rights for freed slaves
B. barring ex-Confederates from political
office
C. seeking restitution from Confederate states
D. preventing Andrew Johnson’s ascent to the
presidency

Answer 16

A. securing civil rights for freed slaves

Question 17

What was the purpose of the Thirteenth Amendment? How was it different from the Emancipation Proclamation?

Answer 17

The Emancipation of slavery did not free all the slaves because of the limitations of the proclamations, and because it depended on a Union Military victory. President Lincoln recognized that the emancipation proclamation would have to be followed y a constitutional amendment in order to abolish slavery.
The 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution formally abolishes slavery in the United States.

Question 18

4. Which of the following was not one of the functions of the Freedmen’s Bureau?
   A. collecting taxes
   B. reuniting families
   C. establishing schools
   D. helping workers secure labor contracts

Answer 18

A. collecting taxes

Question 19

Which person or group was most responsible for the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment?
A. President Johnson
B. northern voters
C. southern voters
D. Radical Republicans in Congress

Answer 19

D. Radical Republicans in Congress

Question 20

What was the goal of the black codes?

Answer 20

To maintain white supremacy by keeping freed people impoverished and in debt

Question 21

Under Radical Reconstruction, which of the following did former Confederate states not need to do in order to rejoin the Union?
A. pass the Fourteenth Amendment
B. pass the Fifteenth Amendment
C. revise their state constitution
D. allow all freedmen over the age of 21 to vote

Answer 21

B. pass the Fifteenth Amendment

Question 22

The House of Representatives impeached Andrew Johnson over \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. the Civil Rights Act
B. the Fourteenth Amendment
C. the Military Reconstruction Act
D. the Tenure of Office Act

Answer 22

D. the Tenure of Office Act

Question 23

What were the benefits and drawbacks of the Fifteenth Amendment?

Answer 23

Failed to address loopholes such as literacy tests and poll taxes which prevented blacks from voting
However, did provide the right of all men to vote

Question 24

Which of the following is not one of the methods the Ku Klux Klan and other terrorist groups used to intimidate blacks and white sympathizers?
A. burning public schools
B. petitioning Congress
C. murdering freedmen who tried to vote
D. threatening, beating and killing those who disagreed with them

Answer 24

B. petitioning Congress

Question 25

``` Which of the following was the term southerners used for a white southerner who tried to overturn the changes of Reconstruction? A. scalawag B. carpetbagger C. redeemer D. white knight ```

Answer 25

C. redeemer

Question 26

Why was it difficult for southern free blacks to gain economic independence after the Civil War?

Answer 26

Black codes and groups such as the Ku Klux Klan