CHAPTER 16

Question 1

It protects the body from injury and pathogens using chemical mediators.

Answer 1

Inflammatory Response

Question 2

Signs of inflammation

Answer 2

Swelling
Fevers
Aches
Pain

Question 3

It can lead to tissue damage and increased inflammatory reactions.

Answer 3

Chronic Inflammation

Question 4

It block or alter chemical reactions associated with inflammation to reduce symptoms.

Answer 4

Antiinflammatory agents

Question 5

It block the inflammatory and immune systems, with systemic use causing significant adverse effects and reduced infection resistance.

can also be used topically for localized effects with fewer side effects.

Answer 5

Corticosteroids

Question 6

block histamine’s role in initiating inflammation.

Answer 6

Antihistamine

Question 7

are used for chronic disorders like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn’s disease.

Answer 7

Immune modulating agents

Question 8

It include salicylates, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and antiarthritis drugs.

Answer 8

Common antiinflammatory drugs

Question 9

It can lead to abuse, overdosing, misdiagnosis, and toxicity.

Answer 9

Over-the-counter (OTC) antiinflammatory drugs

Question 10

More susceptible to gastrointestinal (GI) and central nervous system (CNS) effects of antiinflammatory drugs

Answer 10

Children

Question 11

Must be cautious of the presence of antiinflammatory drugs in OTC products to avoid toxicity.

Answer 11

Adults

Question 12

Proper dosing is crucial, especially with over-the-counter (OTC) products.

Answer 12

Children

Question 13

Only recommended salicylates for children are

Answer 13

choline magnesium trisalicylate and aspirin (not first choice).

Question 14

Antiinflammatory drugs should not be used if there is a risk of:

Answer 14

Reye syndrome, particularly after viral infections.

Question 15

Approved NSAIDs for children include

Answer 15

Ibuprofen
Naproxen
Tolmetin
Meloxicam
Indomethaxin (sometimes)

Question 16

It is commonly used, but overdose can cause severe hepatotoxicity to CHILDREN.

Answer 16

Acetaminophen

Question 17

Children with arthritis may be treated with what? requiring close monitoring for toxicity.

Answer 17

Gold salts or Etanercept

Question 18

Pregnant and nursing women should avoid these drugs unless necessary, due to risks to the fetus or neonate.

Answer 18

Antiinflammatory Drugs

Question 19

may be used cautiously; nondrug measures are preferred for ADULTS.

Answer 19

Acetaminophen

Question 20

used for arthritis are particularly toxic in OLDER ADULTS, potentially causing renal, GI, and liver problems; doses should be reduced and patients closely monitored.

Answer 20

Gold salts

Question 21

Treatment of fever, pain, inflammatory condi-tions; at low dose to prevent the risk of death and Mi in patients with history of Ml, prevention of transient ischemic attacks

Answer 21

Apsirin

Question 22

Treatment of fever, pain, inflammatory condi-tions; at low dose to prevent the risk of death and Mi in patients with history of Ml, prevention of transient ischemic attacks

Answer 22

Apsirin

Question 23

Treatment of mildly to moderately acute ulcerative colitis in adults

Answer 23

Balsalazide

Question 24

Relief of mild pain, fevers; treatment of arthritis

Answer 24

Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate

Question 25

Treatment of moderate pain, arthritis in adults

Answer 25

Difunisal

Question 26

Treatment of ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel disease in adults

Answer 26

Mesalmine and Osalazine

Question 27

Treatment of pain, fever, inflammation in adults

Answer 27

Salsalate

Question 28

Inhibit prostaglandin synthesis ,reducing inflammation. Have antipyretic effects by blocking prostaglandin mediators of pyrogens in the hypothalamus.

Answer 28

Salicytes

Question 29

Used to treat mild to moderate pain,f ever, & inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis & osteoarthritis.

Answer 29

Salicylates

Question 30

are absorbed from the stomach, reaching peak levels in 5 to 30 minutes. - Metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine; half-life ranges from 15 minutes to12hours. - They cross the placenta and enter breastmilk; not recommended during pregnancy or lactation due to risks.

Answer 30

Salicytes

Question 31

caused by high aspirin levels, can result in dizziness, tinnitus, hearing loss, nausea, vomiting, confusion, and fatigue.

Answer 31

Salicylism

Question 32

Treatment of acute and chronic pain associated with inflammatory conditions in adults

Answer 32

Diclofenac

Question 33

Found in many tissues, important for homeostasis

Answer 33

COX - 1

Question 34

Induced by inflammatory stimuli at the site of inflammation

Answer 34

COX 2

Question 35

Acts on the hypothalamus to reduce fever by causing sweating and vasodilation.

Answer 35

Acetaminophen

Question 36

- are used to treat arthritis by aggressively targeting the inflammatory process. - the Increasingly selected early in the diagnosis to prevent joint damage.

Answer 36

Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

Question 37

2 types of DMARD

Answer 37

Tumor Necrosis Factor Blockers and other DMARDS

Question 38

- Often the first class of drugs used for progressing arthritis.

Answer 38

Tumor Necrosis Factor Blockers

Question 39

THF Blockers

Answer 39

Adalimumab Certolizumab Entanercept Golimumab Infliximab