Chapter 18

Question 1

Generalization

Answer 1

The occurrence of behavior in the presence of stimuli that were not present during training.

Question 2

Stimulus generalization

Answer 2

When an established behavior occurs in the presence of a new stimulus. natural in the environment.

Question 3

How to program for stimulus generalization

Answer 3

1. Train in the target situation, practice real-world situations
2. Vary training conditions
3. Program common stimuli
4. Train enough exemplars

Question 4

When behavior becomes more probable in the presence of one
stimulus or situation as a result of having been reinforced in the
presence of another stimulus or situation, we say that it has
occurred.

Answer 4

stimulus generalization

Question 5

When the probability of the behavior is different in the presence of two different stimuli or situations, is
occurring.

Answer 5

stimulus discrimination

Question 6

Response generalization

Answer 6

Increased probability of a response as a result of the reinforcement of another response

Question 7

How to program for response generalization

Answer 7

1. Train enough response exemplars (ex. would you, could you, may I, can I)
2. Vary acceptable responses (ex., many ways to build a bridge)
3. capitalize on behavioral momentum (ex. ask to perform a high-probability response and then follow with a low-probability response)

Question 8

Behavior maintenance

Answer 8

train behavior persists in the target situations over time.

Question 9

How to program for behavior maintenance

Answer 9

1. Use behavior trapping (arrange to teach behavior so that it is under control of natural contingencies)
2. Change the behavior of people in the natural environment (teach other stakeholders how to respond)
3. Use intermittent reinforcement (intermittent schedules of reinforcement produce more persistent behavior)
4. Give control to the individual (record your own behavior, get other involved)

Question 10

Developing a behavior that comes under the control of natural
contingencies of reinforcement so that the behavior will persist
after the training contingencies are withdrawn is called:

Answer 10

Behavioral trapping