Chapter 18 Comfort, Rest, and Sleep

Question 1

absence of breathing

Answer 1

apnea

Question 2

the performance of routine tasks without full awareness or later memory of having done them

Answer 2

automatic behavior

Question 3

grinding of the teeth

Answer 3

bruxism

Question 4

sudden loss of muscle tone, triggered by an emotional change such as laughing or anger

Answer 4

cataplexy

Question 5

phenomena that cycle on a 24-hour basis

Answer 5

circadian rhythm

Question 6

mechanisms for maintaining temperature, humidity, and ventilation

Answer 6

climate control

Question 7

State in which a person is relieved of distress

Answer 7

comfort

Question 8

diminished effect of a drug at its usual dosage range

Answer 8

drug tolerance

Question 9

A specialist who studies how the environment affects behavior

Answer 9

environmental psychologist

Question 10

amount of moisture in the air

Answer 10

humidity

Question 11

sleep disorder characterized by feeling sleepy despite getting a normal amount of sleep

Answer 11

hypersomnia

Question 12

excessive sleeping

Answer 12

hypersomnolence

Question 13

dream-like auditory or visual experiences while dozing or falling asleep

Answer 13

hypnagogic hallucinations

Question 14

Muscle twitches that occur during the onset of sleep

Answer 14

hypnagogic jerks

Question 15

An agent that produces sleep

Answer 15

hypnotic

Question 16

hypoventilation

Answer 16

hypopnea

Question 17

inadequate oxygen at the cellular level

Answer 17

hypoxia

Question 18

sleep disorder involving early awakening or difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep

Answer 18

insomnia

Question 19

Emotional and physical changes experienced when arriving in a different time zone

Answer 19

jet lag

Question 20

stroking the skin

Answer 20

massage

Question 21

layer of foam or other devices placed on top of the mattress

Answer 21

mattress overlays

Question 21

hormone that induces drowsiness and sleep

Answer 21

melatonin

Question 22

unintentional sleep lasting 20 to 30 seconds

Answer 22

microsleep

Question 23

assessment of daytime sleepiness

Answer 23

multiple sleep latency test

Question 24

sleep disorder characterized by the sudden onset of daytime sleep, a short NREM period before the first REM phase, and pathologic manifestations of REM sleep

Answer 24

narcolepsy

Question 25

bedwetting

Answer 25

nocturnal enuresis

Question 26

technique used to obtain physiologic data during nighttime sleep

Answer 26

nocturnal polysomnography

Question 27

Changing linen while the client remains in bed

Answer 27

occupied bed

Question 28

a condition associated with activities that cause arousal or partial arousal, usually during transitions in NREM periods of sleep

Answer 28

parasomnia

Question 29

number of daylight hours

Answer 29

photoperiod

Question 30

technique for suppressing melatonin by stimulating light receptors in the eye

Answer 30

phototherapy

Question 31

Therapeutic exercise whereby a person actively contracts and then relaxes muscle groups

Answer 31

progressive relaxation

Question 32

ratio between the amount of moisture in the air and the greatest amount of water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature

Answer 32

relative humidity

Question 33

Deviation of the normal sleep cycle when REM is interrupted, characterized by returning to REM earlier than usual and staying in REM longer

Answer 33

REM rebound sleep

Question 34

A waking state characterized by reduced activity and reduced mental stimulation

Answer 34

rest

Question 35

movement, typically in the legs but occasionally in the arms or other body parts, to relieve disturbing skin sensations

Answer 35

restless legs syndrome

Question 36

A drug that produces a relaxing and calming effect

Answer 36

sedative

Question 37

state of arousable unconsciousness

Answer 37

sleep

Question 37

Sleep disorder in which the sleeper stops breathing or the breathing slows for 10 seconds or longer, five or more times per hour

Answer 37

Sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome

Question 38

daily account of sleeping and waking activities

Answer 38

sleep diary

Question 39

Feeling of incomplete awakening or grogginess as though still in a sleep state when a sleep cycle is interrupted

Answer 39

sleep inertia

Question 40

inability to move for a few minutes just before falling asleep or awakening

Answer 40

sleep paralysis

Question 41

habitual activities performed before retiring

Answer 41

sleep rituals

Question 42

A condition that results from a sleep schedule that involves daytime sleeping

Answer 42

Sleep–wake cycle disturbance

Question 43

sleepwalking

Answer 43

somnambulism

Question 44

Drugs that excite structures in the brain

Answer 44

stimulants

Question 45

Onset of disorientation as the sun sets

Answer 45

sundown syndrome

Question 46

early morning confusion

Answer 46

sunrise syndrome

Question 47

ability to maintain a stable body temperature

Answer 47

thermoregulation

Question 48

Changing the linens when the bed is empty

Answer 48

unoccupied bed

Question 49

(1) movement of air in and out of the lungs (2) movement of air in the environment

Answer 49

ventilation