Med-Surg Chp 72 Caring for Clients With Dementia and Thought Disorders

Question 1

neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to perform calculations.

Answer 1

acalculia

Question 2

neurotransmitter released at the nerve endings of parasympathetic nerve fibers, at some nerve endings in the sympathetic nervous system, and at nerve endings of skeletal muscles; also critical for memory and cognition.

Answer 2

acetylcholine

Question 3

neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to recognize objects and sounds.

Answer 3

agnosia

Question 4

neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to write.

Answer 4

agraphia

Question 5

neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to read.

Answer 5

alexia

Question 6

progressive, deteriorating brain disorder.

Answer 6

Alzheimer disease

Question 7

clusters of amyloid protein fragments that stick together and damage neurons in the brain.

Answer 7

amyloid plaques

Question 8

normal protein that resides partially inside and outside the cell membranes of neurons in the brain.

Answer 8

amyloid precursor protein

Question 9

neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to speak.

Answer 9

aphasia

Question 10

inability to accomplish activities of daily living, such as grooming, toileting, and eating, despite intact motor function.

Answer 10

apraxia

Question 11

neurologic impairment of a person’s ability to walk.

Answer 11

ataxia

Question 12

starchy component that accumulates in the brains of clients with Alzheimer disease and injures neurons in the area of the brain responsible for producing acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that is critical for memory and cognition.

Answer 12

beta-amyloid

Question 13

proteins in blood, spinal fluid, and other body fluids early in a disease process.

Answer 13

biomarkers

Question 14

abilities of a person involving knowledge, understanding, and perception.

Answer 14

cognitive functions

Question 15

responsibility for managing a client’s care and assets appointed by a court when the client is incompetent.

Answer 15

conservatorship

Question 16

sudden, transient state of confusion.

Answer 16

delirium

Question 17

fixed false beliefs that cannot be changed by logical reasoning and are often persecutory in nature.

Answer 17

delusions

Question 18

gradual, irreversible loss of intellectual abilities.

Answer 18

dementia

Question 19

deep intramuscular injections of drugs in an oil suspension that are gradually absorbed over 2 to 4 weeks.

Answer 19

depot injections

Question 20

legal designation of a person to make decisions regarding finances or health care when a person becomes incompetent.

Answer 20

durable power of attorney

Question 21

movement disorders associated with certain prescribed drugs.

Answer 21

extrapyramidal symptoms

Question 21

neurotoxic neurotransmitter that contributes to neuronal cell death.

Answer 21

glutamate

Question 22

unrealistic sense of self-importance.

Answer 22

grandiosity

Question 23

court-appointed responsibility for managing a client’s care and assets when the client is incompetent.

Answer 23

guardianship

Question 24

sensory experiences that others do not perceive; can be auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, or gustatory (involving taste).

Answer 24

hallucinations

Question 25

legal term for the inability to understand the risks or benefits of decisions.

Answer 25

incompetent

Question 26

mental activity.

Answer 26

mentation

Question 27

impoverished speech and inability to enjoy relationships or express emotions that are characteristic of schizophrenia.

Answer 27

negative symptoms

Question 28

twisted bundles of microtubules in brain cells.

Answer 28

neurofibrillary tangles

Question 29

delusions, hallucinations, and fluent but disorganized speech that are characteristic of schizophrenia.

Answer 29

positive symptoms

Question 30

use of family and friends for brief relief from caregiving responsibilities.

Answer 30

respite care

Question 31

protective or adaptive devices for fall protection and postural support that the client can release independently.

Answer 31

restraint alternatives

Question 32

thought disorder characterized by deterioration in mental functioning, disturbances in sensory perception, and changes in affect.

Answer 32

schizophrenia

Question 33

abnormal protein that causes microtubules within neurons of the brain to clump together forming neurofibrillary tangles.

Answer 33

tau

Question 34

technique used to halt a hallucination by saying “stop” or “be gone.”

Answer 34

voice dismissal