Chapter 18 Vocab

Question 1

Change

Answer 1

Making things different.

Question 2

Planned Change

Answer 2

Change activities that are intentional and goal oriented.

Question 3

Change Agents

Answer 3

Persons who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing change activities.

Question 4

Unfreezing

Answer 4

Changing to overcome the pressures of both individual resistance and group conformity.

Question 5

Movement

Answer 5

A change process that transforms the organization from the status quo to a desired end state.

Question 6

Refreezing

Answer 6

Stabilizing a change intervention by balancing driving and restraining forces.

Question 7

Driving Forces

Answer 7

Forces that direct behavior away from the status quo.

Question 8

Restraining Forces

Answer 8

Forces that hinder movement from the existing equilibrium.

Question 9

Action Research

Answer 9

A change process based on systematic collection of data and then selection of a change action based on what the analyzed data indicate.

Question 10

Organizational Development (OD)

Answer 10

A collection of planned change interventions, built on humanisitic-democratic values, that seeks to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

Question 11

Sensitivity Training

Answer 11

Training groups that seek to change behavior through unstructured group interaction.

Question 12

Survey Feedback

Answer 12

The use of questionnaires to identify discrepancies among member perceptions; discussion follows, and remedies are suggested.

Question 13

Process Consultation (PC)

Answer 13

A meeting in which a consultant assists a client in understanding the process events with which he or she must deal and identifying processes that need improvement.

Question 14

Team Building

Answer 14

High interaction among team members to increase trust and openness.

Question 15

Intergroup Development

Answer 15

OD efforts to change the attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions that groups have of each other.

Question 16

Appreciative Inquiry (AI)

Answer 16

An approach that seeks to identify the unique qualities and special strengths of an organization, which can then be built on to improve performance.

Question 17

Innovation

Answer 17

A new idea applied to initiating or improving a product, process, or service.

Question 18

Idea Champions

Answer 18

Individuals who take an innovation and actively and enthusiastically promote the idea, build support, overcome resistance, and ensure that the idea is implemented.

Question 19

Learning Organization

Answer 19

An organization that has developed the continuous capacity to adapt and change.

Question 20

Single-loop Learning

Answer 20

A process of correcting errors using past routines and present policies.

Question 21

Double-loop Learning

Answer 21

A process of correcting errors by modifying the organization’s objectives, policies, and standard routines.

Question 22

Stress

Answer 22

An unpleasant psychological process that occurs in response to environmental pressures.

Question 23

Challenge Stressors

Answer 23

Stressors associated with workload, pressure to complete tasks, and time urgency.

Question 24

Hindrance Stressors

Answer 24

Stressors that keep you from reaching your goals (for example, red tape, office policies, confusion over job responsibilities).

Question 25

Demands

Answer 25

Responsibilities, pressures, obligations, and even uncertainties that individuals face in the workplace.

Question 26

Resources

Answer 26

Things within an individual’s control that can be used to resolve demands.

Question 27

Wellness Programs

Answer 27

Organizationally supported programs that focus on the employee’s total physical and mental condition.

Question 28

What is the difference between planned and unplanned change?

Answer 28

.

Question 29

What forces act as sources of resistance to change?

Answer 29

.

Question 30

What are the four main approaches to managing organizational change?

Answer 30

..

Question 31

How can managers create a culture for change?

Answer 31

.

Question 32

What are the possible sources of stress?

Answer 32

.

Question 33

What are the consequences of stress?

Answer 33

.

Question 34

What are the individual and organizational approaches to managing stress?

Answer 34

.