CHAPTER 19

Question 1

2 componentsof the skin

Answer 1

dermis
epidermis

Question 2

what are the components of the leathery dermis

Answer 2

sweat galnds
oil glands
hair follicles

Question 3

trauma to the epidermis or dermis.

Answer 3

skin wound

Question 4

The skin surface, hair follicles, and sweat ducts are home to a variety of members of the

Answer 4

microbiome

Question 5

examples of microbiome

Answer 5

staphylococcus
diptheroids

Question 6

can occur at the base of a hair follicle (called a pimple) or at the base of an eyelid (called a sty).

Answer 6

folliculitis

Question 7

can occur at the base of a hair follicle

Answer 7

pimple

Question 8

occurs at the base of an eyelid

Answer 8

sty

Question 9

results when infection spreads to surrounding tissues

Answer 9

boil or furuncle

Question 10

formed when several furuncles join

Answer 10

carbuncle

Question 11

are common on the skin.

Answer 11

staphylococcus epidermis
s. aureus

Question 12

Some strains of Staphylococcus aureus secrete ___ that dissolve the proteins that hold cell membranes together

Answer 12

exfoliative toxins

Question 13

the result of exfoliative toxins ; condition where the epidermis peels off in sheets

Answer 13

staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome

Question 14

a contagious skin disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus).

Answer 14

impetigo or pyoderma

Question 15

results when impetigo infections spread to lymph nodes.

Answer 15

erysipelas

Question 16

commonly caused by group A Streptococcus (S. pyogenes), is a painful disease characterized by a red painful lesion, flulike symptoms, digestion of connective tissue around muscles, toxemia, and often death.

Answer 16

necrotizing fasciitis

Question 17

commonly composed of dead Propionibacterium acnes or Staphylococcus aureus bacteria combined with living leu- kocytes.

Answer 17

acne pimples

Question 18

Dead bacteria that block pores form

Answer 18

blackheads

Question 19

Bartonella henselae is carried by cats and causes

Answer 19

cat scratch disease

Question 20

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen producing pyocyanin, a blue-green pigment. The microbe kills cells, destroys tissues, and triggers shock in immunocompro- mised patients and burn victims, and it causes

Answer 20

otitis externa (swimmer’s ear).

Question 21

ticks carry what?

Answer 21

rickettsias

Question 22

it is causes by rockettsia rickettsii

Answer 22

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)

Question 23

subcutaneous hemorrhages are called

Answer 23

petechiae

Question 24

results when Bacillus anthracis infects a cut in the skin

Answer 24

cutaneous anthrax

Question 25

crusty, black ulcer procudes by anthrax

Answer 25

eschar

Question 26

develops in dead tissue infected with Clostridium endospores.

Answer 26

gas gangren e

Question 27

4 diseases caused by pox virus

Answer 27

smallpox orf cowpox monkey pox

Question 28

what is the pattern of progression of lesions

Answer 28

lesions flat macules raised papules vesicles pustules

Question 29

what are the 2 strains or smallpox virus (variola virus)

Answer 29

variola minor variola major

Question 30

__is a severe infection in the oral cavity.

Answer 30

herpetic gingovostomatitis

Question 31

the name of lesions acquired by athletes

Answer 31

herpes gladiatorum

Question 32

are growths of epithelium or mucous membranes.

Answer 32

warts / papillomas

Question 33

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes __ (also known as varicella) in children and adults

Answer 33

chickenpox

Question 34

VZV also causes a recurrent disease in adults

Answer 34

shingles

Question 35

(also called German measles or three-day measles) is caused by Rubivirus. The disease is mild in children but more seri- ous in adults and fetuses.

Answer 35

rubella

Question 36

virus causes rubeola (red measles), a serious, contagious childhood disease characterized by widespread rash and by

Answer 36

measles

Question 37

a rare complication of measles ; slow and progressive disease of the central nervous system

Question 38

viruses also cause __ & _

Answer 38

erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) and roseola.

Question 39

are fungal diseases.

Answer 39

mycoses

Question 40

are fungal infections that produce the enzyme keratinase, which dis- solves keratin of the hair, nails, and skin.

Answer 40

superficial mycoses

Question 41

results from interference with melanin production in patches of skin.

Answer 41

pityriasis versicolor

Question 42

Cutaneous mycoses are dermatophytoses (formerly called ringworms or tineas).

Answer 42

dermatophytoses

Question 43

Ascomycete fungi that infect wounds cause __ which progressively manifests as lesions, warts, and tumors.

Answer 43

chromoblastomyco- sis,

Question 44

typically caused by invasion of ascomy- cete (fungal) spores in traumatic or surgical wounds.

Answer 44

phaeohyphomycosis

Question 45

Several genera of soil ascomycetes cause invasive, tumorlike skin infections called

Answer 45

mycetomas

Question 46

is a cutaneous or subcutaneous disease caused by inoculation with Sporothrix, often by thorn pricks from roses.

Answer 46

sporotrichosis

Question 47

is a parasitic protozoan transmitted to humans by sand flies

Answer 47

leishmania

Question 48

caused by leishmania ; a zoonosis (disease of animals transmitted to humans) that can be cutaneous, mucocutaneous, or visceral.

Answer 48

leishmanias

Question 49

caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei ; a disease of itchy blisters, often on the webbing between the fingers. Scratching can intro- duce bacteria into the wounds, leading to impetigo.

Answer 49

scabies