Chapter 19

Question 1

The political activity of the late 1800s can best be described by the statement that

Answer 1

politicians did not address the problems caused by the rapid social and economic changes of the times

Question 2

Of the eligible voters, voter turnout between 1860 and 1900 averaged

Answer 2

over three quarters

Question 3

In the late 1800s, most Americans engaged in political activity because of their

Answer 3

regional, ethnic, or religious sentiments

Question 4

Political party loyalties of the late 1800s tended to remain stable because

Answer 4

voting patterns were determined by vague cultural inclinations

Question 5

During the late 1800s, the federal government had a reputation for

Answer 5

being very active in reform movements

Question 6

During the late 1800s, the only significant form of federal assistance to individuals was

Answer 6

the Civil War veterans’ pension

Question 7

During the late 1800s, the function of the president was to

Answer 7

spend much of his time making political appointments

Question 8

In the political battles of the late 1800s, the Stalwarts and the Half-Breeds were

Answer 8

two rival factions within the Republican party who fought over political patronage

Question 9

The assassination of James A. Garfield occurred as a result of the conflict between

Answer 9

Stalwarts and Half-Breeds

Question 10

The purpose of the Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 was to

Answer 10

fill some government jobs on the basis of competitive examinations

Question 11

The election of 1884 was typical of national contests in the late 1800s because of its emphasis on

Answer 11

personalities rather than policies

Question 12

Going into the election season of 1884, Grover Cleveland was respected for

Answer 12

his consistent opposition to corrupt politicians and interest groups

Question 13

Grover Cleveland lost the election of 1888 partly because of the issue of

Answer 13

lowering tariffs

Question 14

In the mid-1880s, many members of the public wanted federal antitrust regulation because

Answer 14

corporations could move to states that offered special protection to them

Question 15

The Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 declared illegal any contract, trust, or restraint of trade in

Answer 15

interstate commerce

Question 16

Because of the Republican passage of a high protective tariff in 1890, the next two national elections resulted in

Answer 16

substantial victories by the Democrats

Question 17

The Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894 was significant because it contained

Answer 17

a substantial decrease in the general tariff

Question 18

The Supreme Court eventually overturned the Granger Laws of the 1870s on grounds that

Answer 18

state regulation of freight rates was an unconstitutional attempt to control interstate commerce

Question 19

When it was first created in 1887, the Interstate Commerce Commission was designed to regulate

Answer 19

railroads

Question 20

The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 was essentially ineffective for the first twenty years after its passage because

Answer 20

it was haphazardly enforced and was narrowly interpreted by the courts

Question 21

The Grange attempted to counteract economic hardships by its

Answer 21

forming market cooperatives and attempting to curb the monopolistic practices of warehouses

Question 22

The Grange declined in power in the 1870s because of

Answer 22

the defeat of the Granger laws and the political inexperience of its leaders

Question 23

One of the primary beliefs of the Farmers’ Alliances was that

Answer 23

too much power was in the hands of a few corporations and financial institutions

Question 24

The Farmers’ Alliances had an intense dislike for all of the following groups in society except

Answer 24

politically active women

Question 25

Populist party leaders of the early 1890s included all of the following people except

Answer 25

William Jennings Bryan

Question 26

Supporters of the Populist party included large numbers of all of the following groups except

Answer 26

Eastern labor union members

Question 27

In general, the Populist movement was primarily supported by

Answer 27

small farmers

Question 28

Although historians disagree as to their interpretations of Populism, the movement was significant because

Answer 28

it was one of the few third-party movements to gain national influence

Question 29

Historians have offered all of the following positive interpretations of Populism except

Answer 29

the movement was the forerunner of the civil rights movement of fifty years later

Question 30

Historians have offered all of the following negative interpretations of Populism except

Answer 30

the movement created an extreme political atmosphere that led indirectly to the new imperialism

Question 31

The Omaha Platform of the Populists included all of the following proposals except

Answer 31

federal support for national banks

Question 32

The Populist ideology rejected the idea of

Answer 32

preserving a laissez-faire system of economics

Question 33

The crisis of the 1890s was caused by all of the following developments except

Answer 33

government regulation of business

Question 34

The symptoms of the depression of the 1890s included all of the following problems except

Answer 34

high inflation

Question 35

Jacob S. Coxey’s army of unemployed Americans marched to Washington to demand that the federal government

Answer 35

create jobs for the unemployed

Question 36

One of the major problems that caused the Panic of 1893 was that

Answer 36

the railroads expanded too rapidly

Question 37

The coining of silver stopped in 1873 because

Answer 37

owners of silver were not interested in selling to the government

Question 38

Free coinage of silver was supported by all of the following groups except

Answer 38

Eastern Republicans

Question 39

Grover Cleveland obtained the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act because

Answer 39

he believed that the gold drain from the treasury threatened the nation’s financial stability

Question 40

The speech that made William Jennings Bryan the Democratic nominee for president in 1896 climaxed with the famous words

Answer 40

“you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold”

Question 41

Throughout his adult life, William Jennings Bryan served as a powerful symbol of

Answer 41

rural, Protestant, middle-class America

Question 42

The Populist party ceased to be a separate political party when

Answer 42

it nominated the same presidential candidate as the Democrats in the election of 1896

Question 43

During the election of 1896, William McKinley represented all of the following sectors of the voting populace except

Answer 43

small farmers

Question 44

During the first McKinley administration, the country experienced

Answer 44

all of the answers above

Question 45

The first McKinley administration focused on an issue that most Republicans could agree on, and the result was

Answer 45

an increase in the level of tariffs

Question 46

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, currency inflation developed in the United States as a result of

Answer 46

newly discovered gold deposits and mining techniques

Question 47

The Democratic Party of the late 1800’s appealed most strongly to all the following except

Answer 47

Midwestern farmers

Question 48

The Republican Party of the late 1800’s appealed most strongly to all the following except

Answer 48

recent European immigrants

Question 49

In arguing for their policies, the new American expansionists of the late 1800s offered all of the following economic and social reasons except

Answer 49

the United States needed to find new sources of immigrants who would work in its factories for low wages

Question 50

In 1900, the nation that had the third largest naval force was

Answer 50

the United States

Question 51

The Pan-American Congress of 1889 resulted in the

Answer 51

creation of an agency that distributed information to member American nations

Question 52

The United States acquired the Hawaiian Islands as a result of all the following factors except

Answer 52

President Cleveland sent marines to ensure that nothing stopped annexation from taking place

Question 53

The United States took control of part of the Samoan islands after a long dispute with

Answer 53

Great Britain and Germany

Question 54

In the 1890s, Spain and the United States gradually moved toward war over Cuba for all of the following reasons except

Answer 54

during the Cuban revolt, the Spanish committed numerous atrocities, whereas the Cubans usually behaved humanely

Question 55

The United States was finally pushed into war with Spain by all of the following developments except

Answer 55

Spain ignored U.S. diplomatic requests in regard to Cuba

Question 56

The U.S. war effort in Cuba suffered from all of the following problems except

Answer 56

lack of popular support

Question 57

During the fighting of the Spanish-American War,

Answer 57

more American fighting men died of disease than were killed in action

Question 58

The black soldiers who fought in the Spanish-American War faced all of the following problems except

Answer 58

they experienced difficulties in combat because most of them had never been under fire before

Question 59

The Rough Riders were

Answer 59

involved in bold, reckless charges during the fighting in Cuba

Question 60

William Jennings Bryan wanted the U.S. Senate to ratify the peace treaty with Spain because

Answer 60

the war would be over, and the Democrats could make Republican imperialism a campaign issue

Question 61

The Platt Amendment, incorporated into the Cuban constitution, gave Cuba

Answer 61

nominal political independence

Question 62

In the Philippine War of 1898 to 1902, the United States

Answer 62

with great difficulty suppressed a full-scale revolt that the majority of the Filipino people supported

Question 63

The Boxer Rebellion of 1900 came to an end when

Answer 63

a multinational armed force rescued the foreign diplomats trapped in Peking by the Boxers