Chapter 19: Endocrine Systems Flashcards
(18 cards)
Endocrine system influences nearly every:
Cell
Organ
Bodily function
A communication system that controls functions inside the body.
Endocrine system
Brain needs glucose and oxygen.
Insulin is necessary for glucose to enter cells.
Without enough insulin, cells do not get fed.
Glucose metabolism
Autoimmune disorder where the immune system produces antibodies against pancreatic beta cells
Missing the pancreatic hormone insulin
Without insulin, glucose cannot enter the cell, and the cell cannot produce energy.
Diabetes Type 1
Onset usually happens from early childhood through the fourth decade of life.
Immune system destroys the ability of the pancreas to produce insulin.
Patient must obtain insulin from an external source.
Patients with this type of diabetes cannot survive without insulin.
Patients who inject insulin often need to check blood glucose levels up to six times a day.
Type One Diabetes
Polyuria:
frequent urination
Polydipsia:
increase in fluid consumption
Polyphagia:
severe hunger and increased food intake
Body attempts to reduce acid level by releasing more carbon dioxide through the lungs, also called:
Known as Kussmaul respirations
If fat metabolism and ketone production continue, what can develop?
diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Caused by resistance to the effects of insulin at the cellular level
Diabetes Type 2
Hematology is:
the study of blood-related diseases.
Three disorders that can create a prehospital emergency:
Sickle cell disease
Hemophilia A
Thrombophilia
Inherited disorder, affects red blood cells
Predominantly in people of African, Caribbean, and South American ancestry
People with this disease have misshapen RBCs that lead to dysfunction in oxygen binding and unintentional clot formation.
Clots may result in a blockage known as vasoocclusive crisis.
Can result in hypoxia, pain, and organ damage
sickle cell
Complications of sickle cell:
Anemia
Gallstones
Jaundice
Splenic dysfunction
Decreased ability to create a clot after an injury, which can be life threatening
Patients typically have intravenous factor VIII replacement infusions, which help the blood clot, either close at hand or with them.
hemophilia (cont’d)
Disorder in the body’s ability to maintain the smooth flow of blood through the venous and arterial systems
Concentration of particular elements in the blood creates clogging or blockage issues.
thrombophilia
Common medical problem in sedentary patients and in patients who have had recent injury or surgery
You may encounter several methods prevent blood clot formation, including:
Blood-thinning medications
Compression stockings
Mechanical devices
deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
