Chapter 19 exam

Question 1

Analgesics

Answer 1

relieve pain

Question 2

3 types of analgesics

Answer 2

opioid, nonopioid, adjuvant

Question 3

subjective

Answer 3

can be experienced or perceived only by the individual subject

Question 4

endorphins

Answer 4

activate the body’s opiate receptors, causing an analgesic effect.

Question 5

3 types of opioid analgesics

Answer 5

Natural alkaloids, semisynthetic, and synthetic examples

Question 6

ex of natural opioid analgesics

Answer 6

morphine and codeine

Question 7

ex of Semisynthetic opioid analgesics

Answer 7

hydromophone and oxycodone

Question 8

examples of synthetic opioid analgesics

Answer 8

meperidine (Demerol) and fentanyl (Duragesic)

Question 9

Tolerance

Answer 9

how well the body handles it. More and more over time.

Question 10

dependence

Answer 10

the state of relying on or being controlled by someone or something else.

Question 11

Salicylates indications and high dosage side effects

Answer 11

are most commonly used for their analgesic and antipyretic properties, as well as for their anti-inflammatory action

Question 12

Coanalgesics def…

Answer 12

combined with opioids for more effective analgesic action

Question 13

What two drugs are frequently combined with opioids?

Answer 13

NSAIDS & acetaminophen

Question 14

Antipyretic

Answer 14

used to reduce fever

Question 15

Action of SRAs

Answer 15

serotonin levels decrease, while vasodilation and inflammation of blood vessels in brain increase as migraine symptoms worsen

Question 16

what are SRAs effective in treating?

Answer 16

associated nausea and vomiting

Question 17

sumatriptan is aka what drug?

Answer 17

Imitrex

Question 18

sumatriptan (Imitrex) def/used for what?

Answer 18

first “triptan” approved; used for the treatment of acute migraine headaches in adults

Question 19

 Sedatives & Hypnotics

Answer 19

Medications used to promote sedation in smaller doses and to promote sleep (hypnotic) in larger doses

Question 20

 Sedative

Answer 20

calm, soothe, or produce sedation

Question 21

 Hypnotic

Answer 21

produce sleep

Question 22

diphenhydramine is aka as?

Answer 22

(Benadryl, Nytol, Sominex)-

Question 23

what can happen to older patients who take diphenhydramine?

Answer 23

more prone to side effects, such as confusion, blurred vision, and dizziness

Question 24

can diphenhydramine be used long term?

Answer 24

¬ None of these meds should be used long-term

Question 25

BZD example

Answer 25

temazepam (Restoril)

Question 26

Non-BZDs example

Answer 26

zolpidem (Ambien)

Question 27

BDZs and non-BZDs are classified as what?

Answer 27

contolled substances

Question 28

BDZs/non-bzds have what potential for abuse?

Answer 28

lower potential

Question 29

side effects of BDZs and non-bdzs

Answer 29

daytime sedation, confusion, HA-hangover, sleepwalking and engaging in complex tasks

Question 30

ramelton is aka what?

Answer 30

Roxerem)

Question 31

ramelton (roxerem) def...

Answer 31

first FDA-approved prescription medication that acts on melatonin receptor

Question 32

what does MRA do?

Answer 32

¬ Mimics action of melatonin to trigger sleep onset

Question 33

abuse potential/dependence of MRA

Answer 33

they are eliminated

Question 34

is MRA classified as a controlled substance?

Answer 34

NO

Question 35

how fast do MRAs work?

Answer 35

¬ Works quickly, generally inducing sleep in less than one hour

Question 36

how should MRA be taken?

Answer 36

¬ Give within 30 minutes of going to bed with a high-fat meal or snack

Question 37

what should you avoid with MRA?

Answer 37

¬ Don’t use with melatonin due to additional sedative effects