Chapter 19 - Local Area Networking Flashcards by Jordan Cartwright

Class C IP address

First three numbers are locked. 254 hosts

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Class B IP address

First two number are locked. 65,534 hosts

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Class A IP address

only the first number is locked. Millions of hosts.

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IP address is made of what?

four characters/Octets that go from 0 - 255, three dots/periods between those characters. And never end with 0(zero defines a whole LAN) or 255.

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IP address ending in 0 are?

The IP address for the LAN.

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IP address with 255 is what?

the subnet mask.

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ARPANET

Formed the basis for Internet

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TCP/IP is what?

adopted as protocol for ARPANET/the Internet.

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IPv4

IP with the four Octets. Built the internet.

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Static IP address

manually setting in IP address/IPv4, Subnet Mask, and Default Gateway.

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Class D

All characters are locked. And is called multicast

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Class E

Is Reserved no one uses.

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Private IP address

Are only for private networks.

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Loopback IP address

refers to your own system.

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Ipconfig

Is a command used in command prompt to find/figure out what your systems IP address is.

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ping

a command used in the command prompt to ping your router.

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NAT stands for what?

Network Address Translation saves IP addresses. Internal networks use private IP addresses and share a public address.

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All routers come with what?

NAT-enabled by default.

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DHCP stands for what?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP)

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What does DHCP do?

Automatically provides any computer on a network all the IP address that it needs. DHCP servers usually double as Routers for their internal LAN.

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APIPA stands for what?

Automatic Private IP Addressing. Is the fall back if system can’t find a DHCP server.

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APIPA always gives a what?

a 169.254.X.X IP address. Or a class B IP address.

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IPv6

Uses a 128-bit addressing scheme, that uses hexadecimal notation. Eight groups of character divided between seven colons. (2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334)

Link-Local Address

Is the section of the IPv6 address that always start with fe80 and followed by 0’s.

Internet address

Internet Address or Global Unicast Address. If from the router

IPv4 vs. IPv6

192.168.86.114(IPv4), fe80::3c57:4581:2bae:a145%9(IPv6).

DNS stands for what?

Domain Name System. Speed dialer. Replaced host files. Resolves fully-qualified domain names(FQDN) to IP addresses.

Port Number

Port numbers go from 0-65535, and like IP address your always gonna have a source and destination port number. Helps get to the right application.

Three types of Port numbers

0-1023 are well known ports, 1024-49151 are registered ports, 49152-65535 are Dynamic/Ephemeral.

TCP/IP stands for what?

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. A connection oriented protocol.

UDP is what kind of protocol?

User Datagram Protocol. Is a connectionless protocol.

ICMP is what kind of protocol?

Internet Control Message Protocol. Is a single-packet only protocol.

PDU stands for what?

Protocol Data Unit(PDU).

What does FQDN stand for?

Fully Qualified Domain Name(FQDN). Has a 256-character limit.

nslookup

a command prompt command used to verify a DNS server is running.

Netbios/netbt

window's naming convention for computers. And is designed for LANs.

windows systems get placed in either what two groups?

workgroup or Active Directory.

workgroup

workgroup is the oldest and basic network organization that there is. Just an organization tool with no security. Can be used from small networks.

Domain

Domains require a windows server system.

Active Directory Domain

The type of domain used today. Has great security, good for large networks.

Homegroup

The in between for Workgroup and Domain. Not really seen anymore.

Routers

Read IP packets and send them out. Routers make the internet work. Some routers are a router and a switch with a WAP(Wireless Access Point).

DB-9 connector

a display connector with the other end being a RJ-45.

SOHO stands for what?

Small Office/Home Office.

DHCP Reservation

Allow you to set aside IP addresses in the DHCP pool.

QoS stands for what?

Quality of Service a tool set that gives control on network bandwidth by many different criteria.

UPnP stands for what?

Universal Plug and Play. Helps with network device identification

SNMP stands for what?

Simple Network Management Protocol. Enables querying of network devices. A much more powerful descriptive version of UPnP, used by Network admins.

LLDP stands for what?

Link Layer Discovery Protocol. Helps with network device identification.

VLAN stands for what?

Virtual Local Area Network. takes a single switch and electronically turns it into multiply switches. Very popular.

Managed Switch

is a switch with an IP address.

No connectivity

Are you physically connected. IP address issues.

IP conflict

identifying IP address issues.

Limited Connectivity

DHCP issues. APIPA addresses. DHCP server issues.

Intermittent Connectivity

Problem with the actually cabling. Move the cable

Unavailable Resources.

unplugged from a share resource

Slow Transfer speeds.

more of a wireless issues but can be a wired issues. have to start task manager, how hard is your network card is working, and remove processes that are using a lot of bandwidth.