Chapter 19 The circulatory system

Question 1

Explain the pulmonary circuit

Answer 1

Question 2

Explain the systemic circuit

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the shape, location, and size of the heart?

Answer 3

Question 4

What are the layers of the heart?

Answer 4

Question 5

What are the layers of the pericardium?

Answer 5

Question 6

What are the three layers of the heart wall?

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the function of heart valves?

Answer 7

ensure unidirectional blood flow through the heart

Question 8

What are the two sets of valves?

Answer 8

atrioventricular (AV) valves
Semilunar (SL) valves

Question 9

What are the four chambers of the heart and their valves?

Answer 9

R and L atrium
R and L Ventricle

Question 10

Label the four chambers of the heart and valves

Answer 10

Question 11

Label the exterior structures of the heart

Answer 11

Question 12

Identify the major cardiac veins

Answer 12

Question 13

Most coronary blood returns to the right atrium via the cardiac vein by way of the _____

Answer 13

coronary sinus

Question 14

Explain the blood flow path

Answer 14

Question 15

Describe the cardiac muscle structure and function

Answer 15

Question 16

composed of an internal pacemaker and nerve like conduction pathways through mycocardium

Answer 16

The intrinsic conduction system

Question 17

Explain the intrinisic conduction system

Answer 17

Question 18

What ensures the heart contracts as a unit?

Answer 18

gap junctions

Question 19

____ of the heart is rhythmic and spontaneous

Answer 19

depolarization

Question 20

Explain the extrinsic regulation of heart activity

Answer 20

Question 21

The action potentials generated by nodal and contractile cells detected, amplified and recorded by electrodes on arms, legs, and chest

Answer 21

Electrocardiogram(EKG)

Question 22

What are the three waves depicted in an EKG and their function?

Answer 22

Question 23

Interpert this normal EKG

Question 24

one complete contractin and relaxation of all four chambers of the heart

Answer 24

cardiac cycle

Question 25

contraction cycle of the heart

Answer 25

systole

Question 26

relaxation cycle of the heart

Answer 26

diastole

Question 27

Diastole and systole refer to the action of the?

Answer 27

ventricles

Question 28

How do changes in blood pressure in the heart operate the heart valves? | Refer to images sent

Answer 28

Question 29

Volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute

Answer 29

Cardiac output

Question 30

What is the formula for cardiac output?

Answer 30

Question 31

What is the volume of blood entering and leaving the body?

Answer 31

Question 32

Explain tachycardia and how it affect HR?

Answer 32

Question 33

Explain bradycardi and its relation to HR?

Answer 33

Question 34

factors that raise the heart rate

Answer 34

Positive chronotropic agents

Question 35

factors that lower the heart rate

Answer 35

negative chronotropic agents

Question 36

volume of blood ejected from each ventricle per bet

Answer 36

Stroke volume

Question 37

What is the formula to calculate SV

Answer 37

Question 38

volume of blood in ventricle at the end of ventricular relaxation

Answer 38

End diastolic volume (EDV)

Question 39

volume of blood in ventricle at the end of ventricular contraction

Answer 39

End systolic volume (ESV)

Question 40

What are the three main factors that affect Stroke Volume?

Answer 40

1. preload 2. contractility 3. afterload

Question 41

Explain preload

Answer 41

Question 42

Explain contractility

Answer 42

Question 43

Explain afterload

Answer 43