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PAM Bootcamp > Chapter 3 Cellular Form and Function > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Cellular Form and Function Flashcards

1
Q

Cells that connect body parts form linings, or transport gases

A

Epithelial Cells

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2
Q

Cells that move organs and body parts

A

Skeletal muscle cells

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3
Q

Cells that stores nutrients

A

Fat cell

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4
Q

Cell that fights disease

A

Macrophage

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5
Q

Cells that gathers information and control functions

A

Nerve cell

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6
Q

Cell of reproduction

A

sperm

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7
Q

____ + ____ = Cytoplasm

A

Cytosol + Organelles

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8
Q

Explain the basic cell structure

A
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9
Q

What are functions of membrane protiens?

A
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10
Q

Name the three membrane junctions

A
  1. Tight junction
  2. Desmosome
  3. Gap Junction
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11
Q

Junction that prevents fluids and most molecules from moving between cells

A

Tight Junctions

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12
Q

“Rivets” that anchor cells together

A

Desmosomes

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13
Q

Transmembrane proteins form pores that allow small molecules to pass from cell to cell

A

Connexon

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14
Q

Connexon are transmembrane proteins that form___ that allow small molecules to pass from cell to cell

A

pores

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15
Q

Gap junctions allow the spread of ions between ___- or ____ muscle cells

A

cardiac or smooth

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16
Q

Form channels between adjacent cells

A

Gap Junction

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17
Q

What is a microvilli?

A
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18
Q

Hairlike processes 7-10 um long

A

cilia

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19
Q

What is nonmotile cilium?

A
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20
Q

What is motile cilia?

A
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21
Q

Plasma membranes are ______ _______

A

Selectively permeable

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22
Q

Explain membrane transport

A
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23
Q

How does filtration work?

A
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24
Q

What are the types and subtypes of membrane transport?

A
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25
Explain passive processes
1. No cellular energy (ATP) required 2. Substance moves down/ with its concentration gradient
26
Explain active processes
1. Energy (ATP) required 2. substance usually moving up/against its concetration gradient 3. occurs only in living organisms 4. happens naturally
27
What are the three types of passive transport?
1. simple diffusion 2. facilitated diffusion 3. osmosis
28
Explain simple diffusion
Does not require assistance of membrane proteins
29
Explain facilitated diffusion
30
Facilitated diffusion is used by?
ion channels
31
Explain Osmosis
Wherever the solute (usually sodium) goes, water follows. The movement form a area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration
32
Water concentration is determined by _______ _________
Solute concentration
33
Explain Osmolarity
34
The measure of total concetration of solute particles
Osmolarity
35
Osmolarity is the measure of total concetration of ____ ____
Solute particles
36
When solutions of different osmolarity are seperated by a membrane, osmosis occurs until ____ is reached
equilibrium
37
What are the two types of active processes?
1. active transport 2. vesicular transport
38
What are the two types of active transport?
1. primary 2. secoundary
39
Active and Vesicular transport use __ to move solutes across a plasma membrane
ATP
40
Active transport requires ____ proteins
carrier
41
_______ ________ moves solutes against the concentration gradient
active transport
42
Explain primary active transport and give an example
43
Explain secondary active transport and give an example
44
Explain vesicular transport? what proteins are used in this transport?
45
Vesicles are made of ____
phospholipids
46
What are the two types of vesicular transport and their function?
47
Located between the plasma membrane and nucleus
Cytoplasm
48
An aqueous component (water) with solutes (proteins, salts, sugars, etc)
cytosol
49
metabolic machinery of cell
cytoplasmic organelles
50
Granules of glycogen or pigments, lipid droplets, vacuoles, and crystals
Inclusions
51
Label the cytoskeleton
52
What are the membranous structures of a cell
53
What are the nonmembranous structures of a cell?
54
A highly sophisticated complex designed to carry out selective, efficient and processive hydrolysis of client proteins
Proteasome
55
Specialized for carrying out oxidative reactions using molecular oxygen
Peroxisomes
56
What is the main site of ATP synthesis
Mitochondria
57
What encloses the chromatin?
Nucleus
58
What part of the cell is the sac of digestive enzymes?
Lysosome
59
Examples of __ include glycogen granules and ingested foreign materials
Inclusion
60
This part of the cell forms basal bodies and helps direct motorists spindle formation
Cytoskeleton
61
Site of protein synthesis
Ribosome
62
Forms the external boundary of the cell
Plasma membrane
63
Site of lipid synthesis
Smoothie ER
64
Packing site for ribosomes
Nucleolus
65
This part of the cell is responsible for packing proteins for transportation
Golgi Apparatus
66
Internal cellular network of rodlike structures
Centrioles
67
What is the function of lipids in the plasma membrane?
Contributes to membrane tension, rigidity, and overall shape
68
What is the function of proteins in the plasma membrane?
Signaling into and out of the cells, ion transport, and cell to cell and cell to matrix interactions
69
What is the carbohydrate function in the plasma membrane?
Providing energy needed by the cell to survive

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