Chapter 23: Urinary System

Question 1

What are the 5 functions of the kidney?

Answer 1

Question 2

Formation of new glucose from glycerol and amino acids

Answer 2

gluconeogenesis

Question 3

What are the two endocrine functions?

Answer 3

1. Erythropoietin- regulation of RBC production
2. Renin- regulation of blood pressure and kidney function

Question 4

any substance useless to body or present in excess body’s needs

Answer 4

waste

Question 5

waste substance produced by the body

Answer 5

metabolic waste

Question 6

What are three nitrogenous wastes?

Answer 6

1. urea formation
2. uric acid
3. creatinine

Question 7

Explain the formation of urea

Answer 7

proteins -> amino acids -> removed -> forms ammonia -> liver converts ammonia to urea

Question 8

product of nucleic acid catabolism

Answer 8

uric acid

Question 9

product of creatine phosphate catabolism

Answer 9

creatinine

Question 10

What is the main function of the urinary system?

Answer 10

to filter blood and produce urine

Question 11

What doe renal arteries do?

Answer 11

deliver 25% of cardiac output to the kidneys each minute

Question 12

label the urinary organs

Answer 12

Question 13

Label the urinary organ anatomy

Answer 13

Question 14

Label the kidney anatomy

Answer 14

Question 15

What are the two types of nephrons?

Answer 15

Question 16

very long nephron looks, maintain salinity gradient in the medulla and help conserve water

Answer 16

Juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 17

most common, contains short nephron loops, found in the cortex layer

Answer 17

cortical nephrons

Question 18

structural and functional units of the kidney that form urine

Answer 18

nephrons

Question 19

What are the two main parts of the nephron and their functions

Answer 19

Question 20

filters the blood plasma in the kidney

Answer 20

renal corpuscle

Question 21

long, coiled tube that converts the filtrate into urine

Answer 21

renal tubule

Question 22

Lable the nephron anatomy

Answer 22

Question 23

Lable the nephron anatomy

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the two layers of the renal corpuscle

Answer 24

Question 25

Lable the renal corpuscle anatomy

Answer 25

Question 26

conversion of glomerular filtrate to urine involves the removal and addition of chemicals by tubular_____ and ______

Answer 26

reabsorption and secretion

Question 27

Explain the stages/ steps to urine formation

Answer 27

Question 28

reabsorbs about 65% of glomerular filtrate, removes some substances from blood, and secretes them into tubular fluid for disposal in urine

Answer 28

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 29

What part of the nephron has nonregulated reabsorption?

Answer 29

proximal convoluted tubule

Question 30

What does the proximal convoluted tubule contain?

Answer 30

Question 31

loop of henle contains what type of nephrons?

Answer 31

juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 32

What is the function of the loop of henle?

Answer 32

Question 33

What is the function of the distal tuble and collecting duct?

Answer 33

Question 34

What hormone receptors are found in the distal tubule?

Answer 34

ADH, aldosterone, etc.

Question 35

What are organs of the urinary system?

Answer 35

ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 36

retroperitoneal, muscular tubes that extend from each kidney to the urinary bladder

Answer 36

ureters

Question 37

muscular sack for storing urine

Answer 37

bladder

Question 38

tube that conveys urine out of the body

Answer 38

urethra

Question 39

Lable the urinary stuctures

Answer 39

Question 40

Lable the urinary structures

Answer 40

Question 41

the act of urinating

Answer 41

micturation

Question 42

involuntary spinal reflex that partly controls urination

Answer 42

micturation reflex

Question 43

What is invloved during voiding?

Answer 43